Assessment of polycrystalline graphites as sorbents for solid-phase microextraction of nonionic surfactants

Aranda, R; Kruus, Peeter; Burk, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00490-8

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Pencil leads have been used as alternative sorbents for the SPME of non-ionic surfactants [44] and various organic pollutants [45,46]. The analysis of polar analytes in nonpolar matrixes was performed with custom-made Nafion perfluorinated resin coatings [47].…”

Section: New Extraction Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of selective and biocompatible coatings for solid phase microextraction

Mullett¹,

Pawliszyn

2003

J of Separation Science

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The development of solid phase microextraction (SPME) has seen huge growth since its conception as a new approach to sample preparation in the early 1990s. In comparison to existing technologies such as liquid-liquid or solid phase extraction (LLE and SPE, respectively), the technique offers many advantages, including simplicity, speed, solventless extraction, and a convenient format. However, an important aspect in the future application and growth of SPME is the development of new extraction coatings. The objective of this review is to present an overview of the advances in coating development for solid phase microextraction (SPME). More specifically, this review will focus on the use of molecular recognition elements in SPME coatings to provide enhanced extraction selectivity and their applicability to the direct analysis of complex samples, such as biological fluids. The work will also include short overviews of emerging extraction phase technologies such as molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and restricted access materials (RAM). The biocompatibility of RAMs has been combined with SPME and highlighted in several examples for more targeted and direct extraction possibilities in complex samples. The ability to perform direct and selective extraction of analytes from complex samples will extend SPME into the field of bioanalysis. Lastly, the future outlook for SPME and potential new applications for these fibers will be discussed.

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Section: New Extraction Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of selective and biocompatible coatings for solid phase microextraction

Mullett¹,

Pawliszyn

2003

J of Separation Science

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“…9,10 Sample preparation helps to diminish interference effects and concentrate the analytes of interest from complex matrixes. 17,18 However, to improve the selectivity and extraction performance of the carbon bers, some pretreatment and modication seem to be necessary. 11,12 SPME integrates sampling, extraction, preconcentration and sample introduction in a single solvent-free step.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly sensitive determination of chlorpromazine by electrochemically treated pencil graphite fiber as both solid-phase microextraction fiber and working electrode for use in voltammetry method

et al. 2013

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This paper describes the electrochemical modification of a pencil graphite fiber used as both a solid phase microextraction fiber and a working electrode in differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The combination of solid phase microextraction and DPV was applied as a highly selective and sensitive method for the determination of chlorpromazine. The pencil graphite fibers were electrochemically treated in phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions. Experimental parameters influencing the extraction efficiency of SPME, such as NaOH concentration, ionic strength of the sample, stirring rate, and extraction time were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, analytical parameters such as linearity, precision and limit of detection were evaluated. The linear dynamic range was from 0.35 to 35 mg L À1 and the limit of detection was 0.2 mg L À1 . Intra-and inter-day precision of the method was satisfactory with a relative standard deviation of 2.2 and 4.8%, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the determination of chlorpromazine in human plasma and urine.

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“…Aranda et al have used polycrystalline graphites (pencil lead) and glassy carbon as sorbents for SPME on non-ionic alkylphenolethoxylate surfactants, which were subsequently analyzed by coupling reverse-phase HPLC and fluorescence detection. 7 Wan et al have also used pencil leads to extract pesticides. 20 These reports convincingly demonstrate that pencil leads can be employed as SPME sorbents to extract organic compounds from aqueous media.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 These reports convincingly demonstrate that pencil leads can be employed as SPME sorbents to extract organic compounds from aqueous media. 7,20 A new method using polycrystalline graphite as SPME fibers and SALDI-MS as the detection method is described below. Non-ionic alkylphenol-ethoxylate surfactants, such as nonyl phenyl polyethylene glycol, were used as analytes in this effort.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we conclude that the detection limit of the new SPME-SALDI method for alkylphenoyl-ethoxylate surfactants is comparable to that (500 ng/L) obtained by using previously developed techniques, such as interfacing SPME with HPLC for the analysis of alkylphenoyl-ethoxylate surfactants. 7,9 It is worth noting that the scraping procedure used in this method plays a significant role in determining the detection limit for an analyte. Since only trace quantities of analyte molecules are adsorbed, on only the surface of the graphite fiber, scraping below the surface results in dilution of the analyte in the powder and thus in weaker mass spectrometric signals.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Qualitative determination of trace quantities of nonyl phenyl polyethylene glycol ether in water based on solid‐phase microextraction combined with surface‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

Chen¹,

Sun

2002

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Assessment of polycrystalline graphites as sorbents for solid-phase microextraction of nonionic surfactants

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

The development of selective and biocompatible coatings for solid phase microextraction

The development of selective and biocompatible coatings for solid phase microextraction

Highly sensitive determination of chlorpromazine by electrochemically treated pencil graphite fiber as both solid-phase microextraction fiber and working electrode for use in voltammetry method

Qualitative determination of trace quantities of nonyl phenyl polyethylene glycol ether in water based on solid‐phase microextraction combined with surface‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

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