Assessment of Phytoremediation of ¹³⁷CS Contaminated Soils during the Cultivation of Nectar-Pollinating Plants

Abstract

The man-made activity of mankind has led to the emergence of many global problems and caused the deterioration of the quality of the natural environment (air, water, soil). Of particular concern is the contamination of agricultural land with toxicants, in particular, radionuclides, which, entering the soil -plant -human body food chain, can reach toxic levels. Therefore, an important task is the removal of hazardous substances from the soil. Phytoremediation can be one of the effective methods for reducing its pollution. The article examines the effectiveness of phytoremediation of soils contaminated as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in certain territories of Polissia of Ukraine (Korosten district of Zhytomyr region). Nectar-pollinating plants were selected for the research, which was carried out for two years: great globe-thistle (Echinops sphaerocephalus), milk thistle (Silybum marianum), and white melilot (Melilotus albus). The results of the research showed that in the dry vegetative mass of milk thistle, great globe-thistle, and white melilot, the specific activity of 137 Cs over the two years of research was in the range from 30.8 Bq/kg to 238.5 Bq/kg, the accumulation coefficient -from 0.135 to 0.985, and the hazard coefficientfrom 0.055 to 0.395. The highest indicators of specific activity and accumulation coefficient of 137 Cs were observed in the vegetative mass of the white melilot, which amounted to 238.5 Bq/kg and 0.96, respectively, comparatively lower values -2.3 times and 2.3 times were found in the vegetative mass of milk thistle, 2.8 times and 7.1 times -in the vegetative mass of the great globe-thistle. At this level of accumulation of 137 Cs in the vegetative mass of nectarine plants from the soil, on average, over two years of research, 1130550 Bq of this radionuclide was removed from the soil per hectare of agricultural land with milk thistle, 621250 Bq with great globe-thistle, and 2851650 Bq with white melilot. The removal of 137 Cs with the vegetative mass of nectarine plants reduced the content of this radionuclide in the soil per 1 kg -from 3.4% to 8% on average over two years of research.

Вплив Мінерального Удобрення Ґрунтів Нектаропилконосних Угідь За Вирощування Соняшнику На Накопичення В Гомогенаті Трутневих Личинок Цезію-137

“…Унаслідок забруднення радіонуклідами нектаропилконосних угідь, зокрема й сільськогосподарських, природних і лісових насаджень, особливо на територіях північного Полісся, виявлено накопичення радіонуклідів у продукції бджільництва (Razanov et al, 2023). Установлено також, що інтенсивність забруднення меду та квіткового пилку залежить від рівня забруднення територій, ботанічного походження нектаропилконосів, агротехнічних заходів у рослинництві тощо (Razanov et al, 2022).…”