Assessment of Pesticide Application Pattern in Major Vegetables of Palpa District, Nepal

Sharma, Bala; Ojha, Bishnu Raj; Ojha, Ankit; Sapkota, Bibek; Adhikari, Gaurav; Gautam, Samikshya

doi:10.3126/ijssm.v8i1.32694

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A study conducted in Palpa, Nepal observed that only 6% of farmers took complete protective measures like wearing protective clothing, hand gloves, goggles, masks, and taking bath immediately after application. (13) The findings from Bakhsh and colleagues another study in Pakistan on cotton farm workers revealed similar results as 40% young and 68% elder cotton pickers did not comply with safety measures. (23) In Egypt more than 97% of farmers not wearing PPE while mixing and applying pesticides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…(19) The similar result was reported in Turkey and in Nepal that not a single farmer in their studies received training on pesticide use. (20,13) A study conducted in Greece revealed a positive relation between training and the farmer's knowledge of pesticide use, safety behaviour, and beliefs in pesticide hazard control. (21) Hence, training should be encouraged for all farmers in the study area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies carried out in Rupandehi, Palpa, Chitwan and Kathmandu, Nepal also indicate a similar result that suggests that the farmers had limited awareness about safe pesticide management, safe application procedure, environmental, and health hazard. (12,13,6,14). Another research (15) also identified farmers in Lumle, Nepal using agrochemicals in a high quantity, assuming that would increase production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study by Sharma et al, revealed that 54% of farmers did not adopt any safe pesticide disposal mechanism in their study. (13) The population growth in Kathmandu valley, which consists of Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur, has increased notably in last three decades estimated between 2.2 and 2.5 million people living in the Kathmandu valley. (16) With the increase in population size leading to the high demand for vegetables in the valley, there is an enormous increase of vegetable growers in the surrounding areas of Kathmandu valley.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Agrochemicals Use among Farmers in Kathmandu, Nepal

Ranabhat

Baskota

Bajagain

2021

Int J Health Sci Res

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Background and purpose: High agricultural inputs such as chemical fertilizer and pesticides are unlikely to be sustainable for long unless the inputs are properly used in terms of both their quality and quantity. Because of limited knowledge and skills about the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, farmers are haphazardly using agrochemical, which not only disturbs the soil ecosystem, affecting the nutrient recycling process and decreases productivity, but also affects long-term human health. It has a potential connection to cancer, thyroid, and reproductive health in both humans and livestock. Heavy use of chemical herbicides, pesticides, and intensification of agricultural production during the past few decades has led to several harmful effects in surrounding areas of Kathmandu valley. In this context, this study was conducted to assess the farmer’s knowledge towards the use of agrochemicals, to explore the attitude, and practices methods of chemical fertilizer and pesticides in Sankhu and Machhegaun VDCs, Kathmandu, Nepal. As well, this study explored the famers’ self-reported problems associated with the use of agrochemicals. Materials and Methods: In this study, two sampling methods: purposive and snowball sampling was used to select 50 farmers from two villages in Kathmandu, Nepal. The data was obtained by interview and focus group discussion through structured questionnaires and checklists, which were analyzed with descriptive statistical tools. Results and conclusion: Almost half of the farmers (40%) access information about agrochemicals use from friends, elders, relatives, and other farmers followed by agrochemicals retailers and agriculture cooperatives (22%). All the farmers in the study area were aware of the hazards involved in agrochemicals and safety precautions. However, the majority of them (68%) ignored safety precautions while applying agrochemicals. Research revealed that females are more likely to use safety measures than males among those who used safety measures and the higher educational status of respondents plays a vital role in applying safety measures. The most common PPE used by slightly more than a quarter of farmers were rubber gloves, safety shoes, masks, hats, long-sleeved clothes, goggles, and respirators. Furthermore, only 26% of farmers have ever received some kind of training to use agrochemicals. All the farmers washed their hands with soap while only 18% of them took bath immediately after applying agrochemicals. Slightly more than half (52%) of the farmers stored agrochemicals in an unlocked cabinet inside the house and only 14% locked in the safe place outside. Almost half of the farmers (48%) threw away empty agrochemicals in the open space (48%) and 36% of them were reused for storage or other household purposes. Only 8% used the safe disposal procedure i.e., burn or bury. The common time interval (38%) between agrochemicals application and crop harvesting was between one to two weeks followed by two to three weeks (30%). More than half of the farmers (54%) reported that pest and insect activity increased after agrochemicals application. Similarly, some farmers also reported experiencing adverse impacts on their animals (14%) and the surrounding environment. The study revealed that the majority of the farmers 39 (78%) had ill-health symptoms after agrochemicals application. The most common symptoms experienced by them were eye irritation, headache, cough, skin rashes or allergy, vomiting, dizziness, and abdominal pain. Some farmers also reported chronic illnesses such as asthma and bronchitis. Inadequate knowledge and inappropriate practice have resulted in harmful consequences to the farmers' health and the surrounding environment. Based on the results of the study, training for farmers is strongly recommended to improve knowledge on agrochemical use, risk associated with agrochemical, safety precaution, safe storage and disposal and short and long-term health impact. Furthermore, to manage inappropriate disposal practices of the farmers, the local government should provide a common agrochemicals waste disposal site where there is no threat to public health and the environment. Key words: agrochemicals, pesticides, chemical fertilizer, human health, PPE, environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Agrochemicals Use among Farmers in Kathmandu, Nepal

Ranabhat

Baskota

Bajagain

2021

Int J Health Sci Res

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“…Most farmers perceive pesticides to be useful and safe for their health and the environment (Thapa et al, 2015). Some farmers do not even realize that certain health issues arise because of unsafe pesticide use Sharma et al, 2021), and medication for the illness associated with pesticide use is rare because the illnesses go unnoticed .…”

Section: Knowledge Synthesis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding farmers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices of pesticide use in Nepal: synthesis of a systematic literature review

Atreya

Kattel

Pandit

et al. 2022

Arch. Agric. Environ. Sci.

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Literature suggests a deeper understanding of farmers’ knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of pesticide use in agriculture, especially in developing countries, to identify interventions to reduce pesticide use in agriculture. In this paper, we thus performed a systematic review of literature on KAP of farmers on chemical pesticide use in Nepal through a systematic literature search on Scopus web repository published between 2000 and 2021. We got 114 publications initially, and with a well-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, we finally reviewed 29 articles for data extraction. The results indicate (i) an inadequate KAP of farmers on pesticide use. For example, three in four farmers were found to wash their clothes after pesticide spray. One in four farmers wore boots and only one in ten farmers wore glasses during pesticide spray. Approximately 54% of farmers take a shower after pesticide spray and just one in four farmers bury empty pesticide containers in the soil. Prior studies identified that the lack of awareness and training on the handling practices is the major cause of pesticide misuse; and through formal education and introducing integrated pest management strategies for controlling pests could reduce pesticide misuse. Another notable finding is the lack of KAP theoretical understanding in the prior publications. Many studies in Nepal studied much less on ‘attitude” but much higher on “practice” of pesticide usage. We thus propose a new KAP study framework for future research to understand ground-level behavioral change and improve the effectiveness of the KAP-related programs and interventions.

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Assessment of empty pesticide container disposal and its effect on environment and human health: A review

Latt,

Liana,

Poddar

et al. 2023

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING: Sustainable Development in Material Science of Today

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Assessment of Pesticide Application Pattern in Major Vegetables of Palpa District, Nepal

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Agrochemicals Use among Farmers in Kathmandu, Nepal

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Agrochemicals Use among Farmers in Kathmandu, Nepal

Understanding farmers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices of pesticide use in Nepal: synthesis of a systematic literature review

Assessment of empty pesticide container disposal and its effect on environment and human health: A review

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