Assessment of oxidative stress in Flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus) and Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Fazio, Francesco; Piccione, Giuseppe; Saoca, Concetta; Caputo, Anna; Gualandi, Stefano

doi:10.17221/8583-vetmed

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Contrary to what was observed in human medicine (Jansen and Ruskovska, 2013), in which no correlations appear between ROMs or TOS and antioxidant assays, TOS of goat (Cecchini et al, 2018), unlike in other species (Fazio et al, 2015 and. It is interesting to note the correlation between TOS and MPO activity, an oxidative neutrophil enzyme taking part in the anti-microbial system and inflammatory regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Assessment of total (anti)oxidant status in goat kids

Gualandi

Fazio

2021

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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Abstract. The redox potential of goat serum was assessed by different spectrophotometric assays. Among them, three methods are commonly applied for the evaluation of the oxidative (reactive oxygen metabolites, ROMs, and total oxidant status, TOS) and nitrosative (NO⚫ metabolites, NOx) stress, and four methods for the evaluation of the antioxidant status: the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) based on the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), the total antioxidant activity (TAA) based on the reduction of the coloured ABTS⚫+ radical cation, the free radical scavenging activity (FRSA) based on the reduction of the purple DPPH⚫, and the total thiol levels (TTLs) based on their interaction with DTNB to form a highly coloured anion. Besides, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and ceruloplasmin oxidase (CP) activities were also assessed. Except for TAA, analytical data showed a great inter-individual variation for both oxidant and antioxidant assays. ROMs were strongly correlated with CP, while TOS with MPO and TAC. Furthermore, a tendency between TOS and FRSA was shown. NOx was correlated with TAC and TAA, and a tendency with TOS was shown. No correlations appeared among the antioxidant assays, even if a tendency between TAC and TAA was evidenced, but TAC was correlated with MPO activity. The observed correlation between ROMs and CP is discussed as a possible analytical interference. The absence of correlation among the antioxidant biomarkers suggests the simultaneous use of a panel of tests to verify any changes in the redox balance, mainly in livestock in which reference values for each biomarker are lacking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Assessment of total (anti)oxidant status in goat kids

Gualandi

Fazio

2021

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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“…Such biomarkers expressing the blood redox potential as TOS and TAC, are correlated neither in sheep nor in goat, unlike in other animal species, including fish (Po et al, 2013;Fazio et al, 2015Fazio et al, , 2016. OSI, the indirect parameter describing the redox balance, is highly correlated with TOS in both species (P < 0.001) and with TAC only in sheep (P < 0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Redox status, and lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation levels in small ruminants

Gualandi¹,

Piccione²,

Saoca³

et al. 2018

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…Ozone-induced gill damage may also lead to internal hypoxia, hematological adaptations like increase in hematocrit that counteracts less oxygen uptake abilities and problems in ion regulation [ 7 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Our current knowledge on the physiological alterations leading to ozone-related mortality in fish is fragmentary, especially the molecular responses at the mucosa (e.g., oxidative stress) where a direct tissue–ozone interaction occurs [ 17 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Ozone on Atlantic Salmon Post-Smolt in Brackish Water—Establishing Welfare Indicators and Thresholds

Stiller

Kolarevic

Lazado

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Ozone is a strong oxidant, and its use in aquaculture has been shown to improve water quality and fish health. At present, it is predominantly used in freshwater systems due to the high risk of toxic residual oxidant exposure in brackish water and seawater. Here, we report the effects of ozone on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post-smolts (~100 g), in a brackish water (12 ppt) flow-through system. Salmon were exposed to oxidation reduction potential concentrations of 250 mV (control), 280 mV (low), 350 mV (medium), 425 mV (high) and 500 mV (very high). The physiological impacts of ozone were characterized by blood biochemical profiling, histopathologic examination and gene expression analysis in skin and gills. Fish exposed to 425 mV and higher showed ≥33% cumulative mortality in less than 10 days. No significant mortalities were recorded in the remaining groups. The skin surface quality and the thickness of the dermal and epidermal layers were not significantly affected by the treatments. On the other hand, gill histopathology showed the adverse effects of increasing ozone doses and the changes were more pronounced in the group exposed to 350 mV and higher. Cases of gill damages such as necrosis, lamellar fusion and hypertrophy were prevalent in the high and very high groups. Expression profiling of key biomarkers for mucosal health supported the histology results, showing that gills were significantly more affected by higher ozone doses compared to the skin. Increasing ozone doses triggered anti-oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the gills, where transcript levels of glutathione reductase, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, interleukin 1β and interleukin were significantly elevated. Heat shock protein 70 was significantly upregulated in the skin of fish exposed to 350 mV and higher. Bcl-2 associated x protein was the only gene marker that was significantly upregulated by increasing ozone doses in both mucosal tissues. In conclusion, the study revealed that short-term exposure to ozone at concentrations higher than 350 mV in salmon in brackish water resulted in significant health and welfare consequences, including mortality and gill damages. The results of the study will be valuable in developing water treatment protocols for salmon farming.

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Assessment of oxidative stress in Flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus) and Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Assessment of total (anti)oxidant status in goat kids

Assessment of total (anti)oxidant status in goat kids

Redox status, and lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation levels in small ruminants

The Effects of Ozone on Atlantic Salmon Post-Smolt in Brackish Water—Establishing Welfare Indicators and Thresholds

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