Assessment of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Increased oxidative stress appears to be a risk factor for insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, β-cell dysfunction, impaired glucose tolerance, and, eventually, diabetes mellitus. The majority of research shows that oxidative stress plays a role in the etiology of diabetes through changes in enzymatic systems, lipid peroxidation, decreased levels of vitamin C, and reduced glutathione metabolism. Objectives: the study was conducted to evaluate biomarkers of oxidative stress such as serum malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase (CAT), vitamins (C, E), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and a lipid profile in newly diagnosed type I diabetics (IDDM). Methods: Patients are selected by simple randomization after professional diagnosis based on clinical examination and laboratory tests in a case-control study. This study included 24 newly diagnosed type I diabetics and 20 as a control group. Results: Newly diagnosed IDDM patients showed significantly higher MDA, MPO, TC, LDL, TC, TG, and AIP than the control group. The diabetic group also showed a significant decrease in CAT, GSH, HDL, NO and vitamins (E and C) when compared to healthy subjects. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that patients with type 1 diabetes have a disturbance in oxidant/antioxidant status and lipid profile.