Assessment of novel tobacco heating product THP1.0. Part 3: Comprehensive chemical characterisation of harmful and potentially harmful aerosol emissions

Abstract

For a tobacco heating product (THP), which heats rather than burns tobacco, the emissions of toxicants in the aerosol were compared with those in cigarette smoke under a machine-puffing regimen of puff volume 55 ml, puff duration 2 s and puff interval 30 s. The list of toxicants included those proposed by Health Canada, the World Health Organization Study Group on Tobacco Product Regulation (TobReg), the US Food and Drug Administration and possible thermal breakdown products. In comparison to the University of Kentucky 3R4F reference cigarette the toxicant levels in the THP1.0 emissions were significantly reduced across all chemical classes. For the nine toxicants proposed by TobReg for mandated reduction in cigarette emissions, the mean reductions in THP1.0 aerosol were 90.6-99.9% per consumable with an overall average reduction of 97.1%. For the abbreviated list of harmful and potentially harmful constituents of smoke specified by the US Food and Drug Administration Tobacco Products Scientific Advisory Committee for reporting in cigarette smoke (excluding nicotine), reductions in the aerosol of THP1.0 were 84.6-99.9% per consumable with an overall average reduction of 97.5%.

Carbon monoxide levels after inhalation from new generation heated tobacco products

“…Our findings concur with findings from e-cigarette studies [6–8] as well as from manufacturer and independent data on HTPs. Findings from tobacco industry reports indicate negligible CO emission (0,436 mg/stick and 0,223 mg/stick for iQOS and GLO, respectively; compared to 30.2 mg/tobacco cigarette, that is 69,3 and 135,4 times less) [13, 14]. Independent analytical chemistry data confirms substantial CO level reductions [15, 16] in HTP aerosol emissions compared to combustible cigarettes.…”

“…However, surprisingly, in two of these studies, when exposure to CO was evaluated by measurement in exhaled breath, a significant elevation was detected [13, 14]. It is possible that combustion can still take place in some HTPs designs.…”

New ideas, old problems? Heated tobacco products – a systematic review

“…The tobacco industry has performed multiple studies regarding health consequences of HTP use. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that HTP aerosols have lower toxicity and no new hazards compared to conventional cigarette smoke [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. The results of humanbased studies also suggest that switching from conventional cigarettes to IQOS or glo leads to reductions in exposure to smoke toxicants in a manner comparable to quitting tobacco use [74][75][76][77][78].…”

“…Following the manufacturer recommendations, especially proper cleaning of the device after each 20 tobacco sticks seems to be crucial to provide proper thermal regulation and reduce emissions of harmful substances. Most of the research regarding the chemical composition of generated aerosol was carried out on brand new, never used devices [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. Independent researchers showed that the use of 1 IQOS tobacco stick left a significant amount of debris, fluid, and fragments of cast-leaf in the device holder [8].…”

Carbonyl emissions from a novel heated tobacco product (IQOS): comparison with an e‐cigarette and a tobacco cigarette

“…This is expected to result in lower levels of toxic emissions and, as a result, they are marketed as reduced‐risk products. Several studies have assessed the chemistry and toxicology of this and other similar products from other manufacturers . However, with few exceptions , all studies have been performed by the manufacturers of the products.…”