Assessment of nonequilibrium air-chemistry models on species formation in hypersonic shock layer

Niu, Qinglin; Yuan, Zhichao; Dong, Shikui; Tan, He‐Ping

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.07.007

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In addition, a more recent chemical kinetic model was developed by Ozawa, Zhong & Levin (2008) and the forward rate coefficient of at high temperature calculated using the Ozawa model is closer to that calculated using the Park model (Niu et al. 2018). Although the Gupta and Park models have their own advantages in predictions of species formations (Niu et al.…”

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Although the Gupta and Park models have their own advantages in predictions of species formations (Niu et al. 2018), based on the points discussed above, the result at obtained using the Park model might be more reliable. The rates of electron-impact ionization reactions require to be further studied experimentally and theoretically because they strongly affect the applicable range of the binary scaling law for modelling electron distribution.…”

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical and numerical study of the binary scaling law for electron distribution in thermochemical non-equilibrium flows under extremely high Mach number

Chen

et al. 2022

J. Fluid Mech.

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The binary scaling law is a classical similarity law used in analysing hypersonic flow fields. The objective of this study is to investigate the applicability of the binary scaling law in thermochemical non-equilibrium airflow. Dimensional analysis of vibrational and electron–electronic energy conservation equations was employed to explore the theoretical reasons for the failure of the binary scaling law. Numerical simulation based on a multi-temperature model (translational–rotational temperature T, electron–electronic excitation temperature ${T_e}$ and the vibrational temperatures of ${\textrm{O}_2}$ and ${\textrm{N}_2}$ , $\; {T_{{v_{{\textrm{O}_2}}}}}$ and ${T_{{v_{{\textrm{N}_2}}}}}$ ) with two chemical models (the Gupta model and the Park model) was adopted to study the accuracy of the binary scaling law for electron distribution at high altitude with extremely high Mach number. The results of theoretical analysis indicate that the three-body collision reactions and the translation–electron energy exchange from collisions between electrons and ions, ${Q_{t - e\_ions}}$ , can cause the failure of the binary scaling law. The results of numerical simulation show that the electron-impact ionization reactions are the main reasons for the invalidation of the binary scaling law for electron distribution at high altitude with high Mach number. With an increase of free-stream Mach number, the negative effect on the binary scaling law caused by ${Q_{t - e\_ions}}$ cannot be ignored.

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Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and numerical study of the binary scaling law for electron distribution in thermochemical non-equilibrium flows under extremely high Mach number

Chen

et al. 2022

J. Fluid Mech.

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“…The internal energy exchange should be described through multiple temperatures. Recently, our research group carried out a series of simulations of hypersonic reacting flows using an in-house code [5,6]. In the code, a two-temperature CFD solver is available for predictions of thermal-chemical nonequilibrium flows.…”

Section: Description Of Cfd Solvermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this section, two available reference data are used for validation studies of the surface temperature and the flow field parameters: (1) double-cone UHTC (Ultra-high temperature ceramics) surface temperature test in the L2K wind tunnel at DLR (German Aerospace Center) Köln in Germany [42], and (2) reference data of the ELECTRE [43] vehicle at 293 s reported by Hao et al [44]. The detailed computational parameters were given in our previous work [6,41] including the geometry size, material thermal properties, grids, boundary conditions, and so forth. In Figure 4, comparisons between computed results and reference data prove that the current CFD solver has good performance in predictions of the surface temperature and flow field parameters of the hypersonic vehicle.…”

Section: Validations Of Surface Temperature and Flow Field Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the entry phase, the air around the aircraft undergoes strong compression along with high frictional forces acting on the aircraft body, resulting in hot reaction air flows. In the high-temperature flow field, many chemical reactions occur including dissociation, ionization, and recombination [5,6]. Under these conditions, air components, consisting of atoms, ions, and molecules, radiate strong optical radiation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infrared Optical Observability of an Earth Entry Orbital Test Vehicle Using Ground-Based Remote Sensors

et al. 2019

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Optical design parameters for a ground-based infrared sensor rely strongly on the target’s optical radiation properties. Infrared (IR) optical observability and imaging simulations of an Earth entry vehicle were evaluated using a comprehensive numerical model. Based on a ground-based IR detection system, this model considered many physical mechanisms including thermochemical nonequilibrium reacting flow, radiative properties, optical propagation, detection range, atmospheric transmittance, and imaging processes. An orbital test vehicle (OTV) was selected as the research object for analysis of its observability using a ground-based infrared system. IR radiance contours, maximum detecting range (MDR), and thermal infrared (TIR) pixel arrangement were modeled. The results show that the distribution of IR radiance is strongly dependent on the angle of observation and the spectral band. Several special phenomena, including a strong receiving region (SRR), a characteristic attitude, a blind zone, and an equivalent zone, are all found in the varying altitude MDR distributions of mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) and long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) irradiances. In addition, the possible increase in detectivity can greatly improve the MDR at high altitudes, especially for the backward and forward views. The difference in the peak radiance of the LWIR images is within one order of magnitude, but the difference in that of the MWIR images varies greatly. Analyses and results indicate that this model can provide guidance in the design of remote ground-based detection systems.

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Thermal analysis of hypersonic reactive flows on the SARA Brazilian satellite reentry trajectory

Moreira

Wolf

Azevedo

2021

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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Assessment of nonequilibrium air-chemistry models on species formation in hypersonic shock layer

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Theoretical and numerical study of the binary scaling law for electron distribution in thermochemical non-equilibrium flows under extremely high Mach number

Theoretical and numerical study of the binary scaling law for electron distribution in thermochemical non-equilibrium flows under extremely high Mach number

Infrared Optical Observability of an Earth Entry Orbital Test Vehicle Using Ground-Based Remote Sensors

Thermal analysis of hypersonic reactive flows on the SARA Brazilian satellite reentry trajectory

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