Assessment of need for limiting family after two children: A cross-sectional study from a Northern State of India

Abstract

Background:Success of a programme of free-choice participation, like Family Planning Programme, can be envisaged only when focus is on the needs of the people. Although India was the first country to introduce Family Planning Programme, total fertility rate of 2.1 has not yet been achieved, highlighting that the need of limiting family after two children is not yet felt by the people of India. Therefore, the study was undertaken to assess need for limiting family and permanent methods, and factors influencing it among couples with two or more living children.Materials and Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural and urban areas of Haldwani Tehsil, Uttarakhand. Multistage sampling technique was used for selection of study sample. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using Epi Info version 7.2.2.6.Results:Out of 221 women interviewed, only one-third had adopted permanent methods of contraception for limiting family, one-third were using temporary methods, and remaining were not using any contraception. Merely one-third participants were willing to adopt permanent contraception in future. Unmet need for permanent methods was higher among women of younger age, literate woman, and/or husband and joint families. It was lower in women with three or more living children in comparison with women with two children. Unfelt need for limiting the family was 8.6%.Conclusion:Acceptance of permanent methods of contraception was low with temporary methods being equally preferred for limiting family. Unfelt need for limiting still remains in the community despite promotion of small family norm.

Utilization of Contraception Among Women of Reproductive Age in Ajman, UAE

“…Both nuclear and other family structures (50;30.7%) were strongly correlated with contraceptive use (14;30.4%). Participants who acknowledged the influence of extended family members reported reduced contraceptive use, likely due to cultural norms discouraging contraceptive use [43] .…”

“…A cross-sectional study conducted in Northern India revealed a higher preference for temporary methods for limiting family size than permanent methods. One-third of respondents used permanent methods whereas another one third used temporary methods [43] .…”