Assessment of natural and anthropogenic radioactivity levels in rocks and soils in the environs of Swieradow Zdroj in Sudetes, Poland, by in situ gamma-ray spectrometry

Processing of Landsat 8 Imagery and Ground Gamma-Ray Spectrometry for Geologic Mapping and Dose-Rate Assessment, Wadi Diit along the Red Sea Coast, Egypt

“…Values of eU and eTh in ppm, as well as K, in %, were converted to activity concentration, Bq/kg, using the conversion factors given by Polish Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection [26]. The specific parent activity of a sample containing 1 ppm, by weight, of 238 U is 12.…”

Distribution of terrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclides in Turkish surface soil samples

“…The elemental concentration of 238 U was calculated assuming the secular equilibrium between 238 U and 226 Ra and 226 Ra and 222 Rn. It appears to be a logical assumption because 226 Ra is generally in equilibrium with 238 U in many rocks (Malczewski, et al, 2004). However 226 Ra cannot be in equilibrium with 222 Rn because of exhalation of 222 Rn from the soil.…”

Distribution and environmental impacts of some radionuclides in sedimentary rocks at Wadi Naseib area, southwest Sinai, Egypt

“…Its probable measurement error was about 10%. Values of eU, eTh and eRa, in ppm, as well as K, in %, were converted to activity concentration, Bq kg À1 , using the conversion factors given by Polish Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection (Malczewski et al, 2004). The specific parent activity of a sample containing 1 ppm, by weight, of U is 12.35 Bq kg À1 , 1 ppm of Ra is 11.1 Bq kg À1 , 1 ppm of Th is 4.06 Bq kg À1 and 1% of 40 K is 313 Bq kg À1 .…”