Assessment of mycobacteremia detection as a complementary method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to assess the usefulness of mycobacteremia detection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients with suspected tuberculosis. The study included 47 patients with suspected tuberculosis and confirmed HIV infection. A first blood sample was incubated in a BACTEC 9050 MB system, while white blood cells isolation was performed on a second blood specimen before incubation in a BACTEC MGIT 960 system. The third specimen was taken from the affected organs of each patient according to their clinical profile. Twelve (25.5%) patients were positive for mycobacterial infection identified by any of the methods used. Ten (21.2%) were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 2 (4.3%) for M. avium. Six patients were diagnosed by the culture of specimen from affected organs only, whilst three other patients were positive exclusively for blood cultures. Three additional patients were diagnosed by both methods. Four patients with negative cultures were ultimately diagnosed with tuberculosis by measuring the adenosine deaminase levels. Mycobacteremia detection can be used to increase the sensitivity of the diagnosis of tuberculosis and other mycobacteria in patients with HIV. However, it cannot be used as the sole diagnostic method. Clinical specimen cultures do not provide 100% diagnostic accuracy and it is, therefore, critical to further improve the mycobacteria detection sensitivity.

<I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> bacteremia in adults and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The full text of 81 potentially included studies were reviewed and 27 met inclusion criteria (Figure 1). 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 Full-text articles that were not primary studies (n=26), did not conduct mycobacterial blood culture testing (n=12), did not clearly define the population in whom mycobacterial blood culture was performed (n=9), contained data that was represented in a second, more recent citation (n=4), and that were not in English (n=3) were excluded. Of the 27 included studies, two included both adults and children and were counted as separate MTB bacteremia prevalence estimates and one study did not present MTB bacteremia prevalence separately by adults and children.…”

Spectrofluorimetric in tandem with principal component analysis for characterizing mycobacterium tuberculosis disease

“…Diseases like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), diabetes along with some other factors like alcohol, smoking, and malnutrition accelerate the progression of disease and make people more susceptible to TB infections [10][11][12]. According to World Health Organization estimation, TB remains one of the leading causes of death, particularly in HIV infected patients [13]. Overall, the trend of occurrence of TB infection is decreasing with annual rate of 2% [14].…”