Assessment of Milk Contamination, Associated Risk Factors, and Drug Sensitivity Patterns among Isolated Bacteria from Raw Milk of Borena Zone, Ethiopia

Aliyo, Alqeer; Teklemariam, Zelalem

doi:10.1155/2022/3577715

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…On the other hand, low moisture content means low water activity, which leads to a reduction in microbial development and, as a result, a longer shelf life for the milk sample. The findings in this study are consistent with the information collected by other researchers [30,31]. Shiv., et al [30] found that the proximate composition of the milk samples showed that the moisture content of the milk samples were 86.24%, 87.35%, and 83.92%, which fell within the range of 81% to 89.5% that the International Dairy Foods Association has approved for the proximate composition of milk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Bacteriological Profile and Proximate Composition of Raw Milk from Different Cow Breeds in Amansea Cow Market, Anambra State, Nigeria

Ibietela¹,

Tonye²,

Chizoba³

2023

Act Scie Micro

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Raw cow milk, once it is produced from the udder is vulnerable to contamination from spoilage bacteria and food-borne diseases.This study was carried out to evaluate the bacteriological profile and proximate composition of raw milk from different cow breeds in Amansea Cow Market, Anambra State. A total of 27 raw cow milk samples from three different breeds of cow which include Bokolo, Chekpe, and Turuku breeds were collected for this study and were subjected to standard Microbiological and laboratory procedures to analyze the samples. The results revealed that the highest mean for Total Heterotrophic Bacterial Counts was observed in the Turuku breed as 8.06 ± 1.9x10 6 cfu/ml, while the lowest mean for Total Heterotrophic Bacterial Counts was observed in the Chekpe breed as 5.46 ± 0.12x10 6 cfu/ml. Total Coliform Count had the highest value recorded for the Bukulo breed as 6.73 ± 1.11x10 6 cfu/ml, while the lowest Total Coliform Count was recorded for the Chekpe breed as 4.43 ± 0.25x10 6 cfu/ml. The Feacal Coliform Count had the highest value recorded for the Turuku breed as 17.0 ± 3.9x10 4 cfu/ml, while the lowest mean for Feacal Coliform Count was recorded for the Chekpe breed with a value of 15.58 ± 4.70x10 4 cfu/ml. Four (4) bacterial isolates were identified based on morphological and biochemical characterization, which include Staphylococcus aureus (48.1%), Escherichia coli (48.1%), Klebsiella spp. (44.4%) and Bacillus spp. (18.5%). The identification of these bacterial isolates indicates microbiological contamination and the likely presence of pathogens that are harmful to human health. Results of the proximate analysis showed that parameters such as moisture content

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Bacteriological Profile and Proximate Composition of Raw Milk from Different Cow Breeds in Amansea Cow Market, Anambra State, Nigeria

Ibietela¹,

Tonye²,

Chizoba³

2023

Act Scie Micro

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“…The increment of bacterial load could be attributed to the contamination of the milk from production to consumer by different factors like the pooling of milk from different sources together with unhygienic handling [51]. The overall mean coliform count detected in the bulk tank milk samples in the current study was 4.09 log10 CFU/mL, which is relatively lower than the 6.54 ± 1.53 log10 CFU/m count reported by Aliyo and Teklemariam [52] from the southern pastoral areas of Ethiopia. Coliform count in milk managed under poor hygienic conditions was signi cantly (p < 0.05) higher than under good, and moderate, hygienic conditions, suggesting that the practice of production of milk under poor hygienic conditions favors the contamination with coliform and could be responsible for the high observed counts.…”

Section: Enumerations Of Coliformcontrasting

confidence: 53%

Prevalence, associated risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157 isolated from cow milk and milk products and hygienic practices in selected towns of the Oromia region, Ethiopia

Sarba

Wirtu

Gebremedhin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Escherichia coli is a major foodborne illness pathogen worldwide. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli and E. coli O157 in milk and milk products and hygienic practices in West Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia. Five hundred fifty-six milk samples comprising 421 udder milk, 57 bulk tank milk, and 78 milk products were investigated. Moreover, 145 questionnaires were administered to assess hygienic practices. A standard microbiological procedure was used to detect E. coli and E. coli O157:H7. The Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates. Petri film plates were used to enumerate the coliform in raw bulk tank milk. Farm and animal-level E coliprevalence were estimated and association with risk factors was assessed. Escherichia coli was detected in 33.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 29.9 - 37.9%) of the samples, of which only one isolate (0.2%) was E.coli O157. E. coli contamination was higher in bulk tank samples (47.4%; 95% CI: 34.0– 61.0%) than in udder milk (34.7%; CI: 30.1 – 39.4%) and in cottage cheese (27.0%; 95% CI: 14.6 – 43.9%) than in yoghurt 10.5% (95% CI: 2.9 – 24.8%). For the animal-level E. coli contamination, only the study area was identified as a risk factor. Risk factors such as types of milk containers, udder washing practices, hygiene, and management systems were associated with both farm-level and milk products E.coli contamination. Most (59.0%) of the farmers practice udder washing only before milking and the remaining did not practice udder washing at all. The mean coliform count in raw bulk tank milk was higher than the international standard (4.09 log10 CFU/ml). All of the 42 E.coli isolates tested were multidrug resistant. The occurrence of E. coli is high, while that of E. coli O157 is too low. The milk-handling practices are poor in the study areas. The high prevalence of E. coli, as well as the high coliform count, and higher multi-drug resistance may pose risk to public health and food safety. Therefore, proper hygienic practices throughout the milk chain as well as rational drug use are advised.

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“…This allows them to spread quickly across an environment, and cause contamination. [ 30 ] The mere existence of these organisms in a sample of milk has to be taken quite seriously in order to ensure that the quality of the milk is protected and maintained. Milk samples may include coliform bacteria for a variety of reasons; some of these reasons include improper handling, inadequate sanitation in the area around the cow barn, and contamination of the sample by unclean water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Microbial Contamination Levels in Milk Samples from Rural and Urban Areas: A Focus on Raisen and Bhopal Districts

Mukhopadhyay,

Malviya,

Barik

et al. 2024

Macromolecular Symposia

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This study aimed to assess the level of microbial contamination in raw cow milk samples collected from farms in rural and urban regions of Raisen and Bhopal districts, Madhya Pradesh, India. Recent data are gathered to investigate the microbial quality of the milk samples directly, rather than relying on reported findings from other sources. The results reveal that both rural and urban milk samples exhibit significantly higher bacterial colony counts compared to acceptable limits for total viable count. The average total viable count for urban samples is 8.699 log CFU mL−1, with a standard deviation of 0.821 log CFU mL−1, using a sample size of 1 mL. Moreover, urban samples show a higher initial incubation count (8.728 ± 0.431 log CFU mL‐1), indicating potential unsanitary milk handling practices in urban areas. In contrast, rural milk samples demonstrate significantly lower bacterial counts (8.0778 ± 0.079 log CFU mL−1) and exhibit superior laboratory sanitization measures. Enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter species, Klebsiella species, and Shigella are found in both urban and rural milk samples after isolation. However, strains of bacterial culture specific to Pseudomonas and Salmonella species are exclusively detected in urban samples, suggesting a higher contamination level in urban areas compared to rural regions. These findings highlight the urgent need for improved milk production and handling practices in both rural and urban areas, particularly in urban settings where the contamination levels are found to be significantly higher. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of microbial quality in raw cow milk and emphasize the importance of implementing appropriate interventions to ensure the safety and quality of milk consumed by the population.

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Assessment of Milk Contamination, Associated Risk Factors, and Drug Sensitivity Patterns among Isolated Bacteria from Raw Milk of Borena Zone, Ethiopia

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Bacteriological Profile and Proximate Composition of Raw Milk from Different Cow Breeds in Amansea Cow Market, Anambra State, Nigeria

Bacteriological Profile and Proximate Composition of Raw Milk from Different Cow Breeds in Amansea Cow Market, Anambra State, Nigeria

Prevalence, associated risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157 isolated from cow milk and milk products and hygienic practices in selected towns of the Oromia region, Ethiopia

Assessing the Microbial Contamination Levels in Milk Samples from Rural and Urban Areas: A Focus on Raisen and Bhopal Districts

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