Assessment of microRNA‐144‐5p and its putative targets in inflamed gingiva from chronic periodontitis patients

Abstract

Background and Objective This study aimed to discover the distinctive MicroRNAs (miRNA) functioning in the pathogenesis of periodontal inflammation, which might be potential therapy targets of chronic periodontitis. Material and Methods miRNA profiles of human inflamed gingival tissue from three previous microarrays were re‐analysed. Gingival tissues were collected for the validation of overlapping miRNAs, and a network was constructed to show regulatory connection between overlapping miRNAs and periodontitis‐associated target genes. Potential miRNAs were screened based on their expression levels and predicted target genes. Correlation analysis and binding site prediction were conducted to reveal the relationship between the potential miRNAs and their target genes. Results miR‐144‐5p, found to be upregulated in all three studies, showed the greatest upregulation (P < 0.0001). Another 16 miRNAs (10 upregulated and six downregulated) overlapped between any two of the three studies. All overlapping miRNAs had expected expression levels except for miR‐203 during validation. Ten miRNAs (six upregulated and four downregulated) were found to have periodontal inflammation‐associated targets. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and interleukin‐17F (IL17F), predicted target genes of upregulated miR‐144‐5p, showed significant decreases and were negatively correlated with miR‐144‐5p in the periodontitis group (r = −0.742 for COX2, r = −0.615 for IL17F). Conclusion This re‐analysis of miRNA signatures has implied the potential regulatory mechanism of miR‐144‐5p and its potential for exploring alternative therapeutic approaches, especially those that use miRNA delivery systems to treat chronic periodontitis. Nevertheless, further study based on larger sample size and homogenous cells is needed to reveal the exact roles of miRNAs in chronic periodontitis.

Regulation of Eicosanoid Pathways by MicroRNAs

“…In addition, COX-2 overexpression and PGE 2 treatment increase the level of miR-21 associated with enhanced miR-21 promoter activity (Lu et al, 2014). The finding that miR-21 directly regulates 15-PDGH was further confirmed by recent publications on tongue squamous cell carcinoma (He et al, 2016), gastric cancer (Li et al, 2019) and colon cancer (Monteleone et al, 2019). Interestingly, epithelial growth factor (EGF) signaling in colorectal cancer cells reduces the level of 15-PGDH and simultaneously increases the miR-21 level (Monteleone et al, 2019).…”

“…This inhibition has a negative effect on PGE 2 generation and thus prevents premature contractions (Li et al, 2016). A negative correlation of miR-144-5p and COX-2 was also observed in human inflamed gingival tissue from periodontitis patients (Li et al, 2019). Moreover, a significant downregulation of miR-144 and miR-26a compared to healthy surrounding tissue was found in the tumor tissue of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).…”

Role and mechanism of miR‑144‑5p in LPS‑induced macrophages

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in the regulation of a large number of physiological and biochemical processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis (12,13). In particular, miR-144-5p has been reported to serve important roles in cancer development and chronic periodontitis (14–16). However, the role of miR-144-5p in RA has not been previously studied.…”

Effect of miR‑144‑5p on the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by targeting RICTOR and its related mechanisms

“…miR-144-5p has been studied in various cancers such as renal cell carcinoma (34) and miR-144-5p has also been studied in chronic periodontitis (35). A previous study demonstrated that circulating miR-144-5p was associated with depressive disorders (36).…”