CHAPTER 2: Seasonal changes in antioxidative/oxidative profile of mining and non-mining populations of Syrian beancaper as determined by soil conditions 2.1. Abstract 2.2. Introduction 2.3. Material and Methods 2.3.1. Plant sampling and soil analysis 2.3.2. Plant performance measurements 2.3.3. Measurement of the total antioxidant capacity 2.3.4. Quantification of ascorbate, glutathione, soluble non-protein thiols, proline and alkaloids 2.3.5. Determination of protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical 2.3.6. Quantification of total phenolics, flavanols, lignin, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and cell wall-associated-proanthocyanidins 2.3.7. Enzymatic assays 2.3.8. Extraction and quantification of free and conjugated SA 2.3.9. Statistical analysis 2.4. Results 2.4.1. Rhizosphere soil characteristics 2.4.2. Multivariate analysis of physiological and antioxidative/oxidative data 2.5. Discussion 2.6. Conclusions CHAPTER 3: Coordinated role of soluble and cell wall bound phenols is a key feature of the metabolic adjustment in a mining woody fleabane (Dittrichia viscosa L.) population under semi-arid conditions 3.1.