Assessment of Menthol and Nonmenthol Cigarette Consumption in the US, 2000 to 2018

Delnevo, Cristine D.; Giovenco, Daniel P.; Villanti, Andrea C.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.13601

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…We present prevalence estimates of exclusive and dual use of menthol/non-menthol cigarettes and ENDS overall and stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and household income. Consistent with earlier studies, ( Delnevo et al, 2020 , Villanti et al, 2016 , Giovino et al, 2015 ) our findings reveal that exclusive non-menthol cigarette use was more common than exclusive menthol cigarette use in all the population subgroups except for NHBs. We also found that exclusive non-menthol cigarettes declined among young adults aged 18–24, all race/ethnicities, and low-income earners between 2014 and 2019, continuing the downward trend from 2004 to 2015.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…( TPSAC, 2011 , Giovino et al, 2004 , Williamson, 1986 ) Menthol cigarette sales represented about 35.4% of the cigarette market in 2018, up from 25.9% in 2010. ( Delnevo et al, 2020 ) Compared to non-menthol cigarettes, menthol cigarettes are more likely to pose a public health risk to users and non-users of tobacco products. ( TPSAC, 2011 , Delnevo et al, 2020 , Villanti et al, 2017 ) For non-users, menthol cigarette availability increases the likelihood of tobacco experimentation, and among users, menthol cigarette availability is linked with regular smoking and tobacco use addiction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( Delnevo et al, 2020 ) Compared to non-menthol cigarettes, menthol cigarettes are more likely to pose a public health risk to users and non-users of tobacco products. ( TPSAC, 2011 , Delnevo et al, 2020 , Villanti et al, 2017 ) For non-users, menthol cigarette availability increases the likelihood of tobacco experimentation, and among users, menthol cigarette availability is linked with regular smoking and tobacco use addiction. ( Hersey et al, 2010 , Cullen et al, 2019 ) In addition, menthol cigarette smokers experience greater nicotine dependence symptoms, such as shorter first cigarette after waking, smoking cravings, and feeling irritable having not smoked for a few hours compared to non-menthol cigarette smokers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exclusive and dual menthol/non-menthol cigarette use with ENDS among adults, 2013–2019

Usidame

Hirschtick

Zavala‐Arciniega

et al. 2021

Preventive Medicine Reports

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This study examines patterns of use for menthol/non-menthol cigarettes and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) from 2013 to 2019 among U.S. adults. We calculated the weighted population prevalence of current exclusive and dual use for each product (i.e., menthol/non-menthol cigarettes and ENDS) stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, household income, and education in all surveys using data from three nationally representative surveys: the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Waves 1–4 (W1-W4), 2013–2018; the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2015; and the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) 2014–2015 (T1) and 2018–2019 (T2). Exclusive non-menthol cigarette use (PATH: 9.0%W1, 9.4%W4; NHIS: 8.7%; TUS-CPS: 8.1%T1, 6.9%T2) and dual non-menthol cigarette/ENDS use (PATH: 2.4%W1, 1.5%W4; NHIS: 1.5%; TUS-CPS: 1.1%T1, 0.6%T2) were the most common single and dual tobacco use patterns, respectively, across all surveys. Both exclusive menthol cigarette use (3.9%T1-3.3%T2) and non-menthol cigarette use (8.1%T1-6.9%T2) declined in TUS-CPS from 2014/5–2018/9. Dual menthol cigarette/ENDS use also declined (PATH: 1.5%W1-1.1%W4; TUS-CPS: 0.5%T1-0.3%T2), as did dual non-menthol cigarette/ENDS use (PATH: 2.4%W1-1.5%W4; TUS-CPS 1.1%T1-0.6%T2). Across surveys, exclusive menthol cigarette use and dual menthol cigarette/ENDS use were more common among individuals aged 25–34 years old; non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs); and low-income earners. Single and dual use patterns of menthol/non-menthol cigarettes and ENDS have declined over time. Nevertheless, certain vulnerable population groups, including NHBs and low-income earners, disproportionately use exclusive menthol cigarettes and dual menthol cigarette/ENDS, making menthol bans a potential policy target for reducing tobacco-related health disparities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exclusive and dual menthol/non-menthol cigarette use with ENDS among adults, 2013–2019

Usidame

Hirschtick

Zavala‐Arciniega

et al. 2021

Preventive Medicine Reports

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“…The public health benefits of a menthol cigarette ban are likely to be even greater in countries such as the USA, where the prevalence of menthol cigarette use and product sales are substantially higher relative to rates observed in Canada prior to bans (~38.0% menthol smoking prevalence in the USA vs 2.0% in Canada; ~35.0% menthol cigarette sales in the USA vs 5.0% in Canada). [39][40][41][42] Indeed, a SimSmoke modelling study estimated that if the USA had implemented a menthol cigarette ban in 2011, between 323 000 and 633 000 deaths would be averted by 2050, with nearly one-third of the averted deaths being among Blacks. 13 This study has some limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the impact of menthol cigarette bans on cessation and smoking behaviours in Canada: longitudinal findings from the Canadian arm of the 2016–2018 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of menthol cigarette bans in seven Canadian provinces between 2016 and 2018.MethodsLongitudinal data from the Canadian arm of the 2016 and 2018 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey. 1098 non-menthol and 138 menthol smokers were surveyed pre-menthol and post-menthol cigarette bans. Multivariate logistic regression models examined associations between pre-post ban changes in smoking behaviour, including differences between menthol and non-menthol smokers in quit attempts and quitting.ResultsAt follow-up, 59.1% of pre-ban menthol smokers switched to non-menthol cigarettes; 21.5% quit smoking and 19.5% still smoked menthols, primarily purchased from First Nations reserves. Menthol smokers were more likely than non-menthol smokers to make a quit attempt (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.61, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.51), and to remain quit (aOR=2.30, 95% CI 1.06 to 5.01). Menthol smokers did not differ significantly from non-menthol smokers in quit success (aOR=1.72, 95% CI 0.98 to 3.01); however, daily menthol smokers were more likely than daily non-menthol smokers to quit (aOR=2.21, 95% CI 1.15 to 4.24), and daily menthol smokers who quit before the ban were more likely than daily non-menthol smokers to remain quit (aOR=2.81, 95% CI 1.15 to 6.85).ConclusionsAlthough menthol smokers were most likely to switch to non-menthol cigarettes, the menthol ban was also significantly associated with higher rates of quit attempts and quit success among menthol smokers compared with non-menthol smokers, and may have helped to prevent relapse among menthol smokers who had quit smoking before the ban. Results confirm and extend evaluation of Ontario’s menthol ban across provinces covering 83% of the Canadian population.

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“…5 The power of menthol in prolonging addiction is underscored by the gradual attrition in use of nonmenthol cigarettes, while menthol brands have maintained steady sales. 6 Although the FDA has had the authority to prohibit nicotine salts or flavor-related ingredients, including menthol, since 2009, it has persistently failed to act. In response, cities, counties, and states have taken brave and innovative steps to better protect their adolescents, demonstrating that innovations in public health often begin at the local level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Empowering State and Local Regulation of Tobacco and Nicotine Products to Protect Youths

2021

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Assessment of Menthol and Nonmenthol Cigarette Consumption in the US, 2000 to 2018

Cited by 50 publications

References 5 publications

Exclusive and dual menthol/non-menthol cigarette use with ENDS among adults, 2013–2019

Exclusive and dual menthol/non-menthol cigarette use with ENDS among adults, 2013–2019

Evaluating the impact of menthol cigarette bans on cessation and smoking behaviours in Canada: longitudinal findings from the Canadian arm of the 2016–2018 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys

Empowering State and Local Regulation of Tobacco and Nicotine Products to Protect Youths

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