Assessment of Light Duty Diesel After-Treatment Technology Targeting Beyond Euro 6d Emissions Levels

Auld, Andrew; Ward, Andrew; Mustafa, Kenan; Hansen, B

doi:10.4271/2017-01-0978

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Another option presented in Auld et al [66] involves the combination of LNT and a close-coupled SCR on the filter unit. According to simulation results over RDE certification cycles, for a C-segment car, this system represents the best trade-off between emission performance, system costs, and fuel consumption penalty.…”

Section: Advanced Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Lean Exhaust deNOx Aftertreatment Technologies and NOx Emission Regulations in the European Union

et al. 2021

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This paper reviews the recent advances in the management of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from the internal combustion engine of light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles, addressing both technical and legal aspects. Particular focus is devoted to the often-virtuous interaction between new legislation imposing more restrictions on the permitted pollutant emission levels and new technologies developed in order to meet these restrictions. The review begins first with the American and then European directives promulgated in the 1970s, aimed at limiting emissions of pollutants from road transport vehicles. Particular attention is paid to the introduction of the Euro standards in the European Union for light- and heavy-duty vehicles, used as a legal and time frame reference for the evolution of emission aftertreatment systems (ATSs). The paper also describes governmental approaches implemented for the control of pollutant emissions in circulating vehicles, such as market surveillance and in-service conformity. In parallel, it is explained how the gradual introduction of small-scale devices aimed at the NOx control, such as lean NOx traps (LNTs) systems, and, most of all, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx, permitted the application to road-transport vehicles of this ATS, originally designed in larger sizes for industrial usage. The paper reviews chemical processes occurring in SCR systems and their advantages and drawbacks with respect to the pollutant emission limits imposed by the legislation. Their potential side effects are also addressed, such as the emission of extra, not-yet regulated pollutants such as, for example, NH3 and N2O. The NOx, N2O, and NH3 emission level evolution with the various Euro standards for both light- and heavy-duty vehicles are reported in the light of experimental data obtained at the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre. It is observed that the new technologies, boosted by increasingly stricter legal limits, have led in the last two decades to a clear decrease of over one order of magnitude of NOx emissions in Diesel light-duty vehicles, bringing them to the same level as Euro 6 gasoline vehicles (10 mg/km to 20 mg/km in average). On the other hand, an obvious increase in the emissions of both NH3 and N2O is observed in both Diesel and gasoline light-duty vehicles, whereby NH3 emissions in spark-ignition vehicles are mainly linked to two-reaction mechanisms occurring in three-way catalysts after the catalyst light-off and during engine rich-operation. NH3 emissions measured in recent Euro 6 light-duty vehicles amount to a few mg/km for both gasoline and Diesel engines, whereby N2O emissions exceeding a dozen mg/km have been observed in Diesel vehicles only. The present paper can be regarded as part of a general assessment in view of the next EU emission standards, and a discussion on the role the SCR technology may serve as a NOx emission control strategy from lean-burn vehicles.

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Section: Advanced Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Lean Exhaust deNOx Aftertreatment Technologies and NOx Emission Regulations in the European Union

et al. 2021

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“…The main advantage of combined filters is the placement of the sDPF system immediately downstream of DOC to reduce the warm-up duration. Close-coupled LNT with an sDPF system has also been investigated as a viable strategy for improving cold-start emission performance [113].…”

Section: Cold-start/low Temperature Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic NO<sub>x</sub> Aftertreatment—Towards Ultra-Low NO<sub>x</sub> Mobility

Sandhu,

Yu,

Zheng

2024

IJAMM

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Article Catalytic NOx Aftertreatment—Towards Ultra-Low NOx Mobility Navjot Sandhu * , Xiao Yu, and Ming Zheng Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada * Correspondence: sandh12p@uwindsor.ca Received: 26 January 2024 Accepted: 13 March 2024 Published: 20 March 2024 Abstract: The push for environmental protection and sustainability has led to strict emission regulations for automotive manufacturers as evident in EURO VII and EPA2027 requirements. The challenge lies in maintaining fuel efficiency and simultaneously reducing the carbon footprint while meeting future emission regulations. Nitrogen oxides represent one of the major and most regulated components of automotive emissions. The need to meet the stringent requirements regarding NOx emissions in both SI and CI engines has led to the development of a range of in-cylinder strategies and after-treatment techniques. In-cylinder NOx control strategies including charge dilution (fresh air and EGR), low-temperature combustion, and use of alternative fuels (as drop-in replacements or dual fuel operation) have proven to be highly effective in thermal NOx abatement. Aftertreatment methods are required to further reduce NOx emissions. Current catalytic aftertreatment systems for NOx mitigation in SI and CI engines include the three-way catalyst (TWC), selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and lean NOx trap (LNT). This review summarizes various approaches to NOx abatement in IC engines using aftertreatment catalysts. The mechanism, composition, operation parameters and recent advances in each after-treatment system are discussed in detail. The challenges to the current after-treatment scenario, such as cold start light off, catalyst poisoning and the limits of current aftertreatment solutions in relevance to the EURO VII and 2026 EPA requirements are highlighted. Lastly, recommendations are made for future aftertreatment systems to achieve ultra-low NOx emissions.

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Kalibrierung von Motorsteuergeräten mittels virtueller Methoden

Lee

Andert

Gautier

et al. 2021

Experten-Forum Powertrain: Simulation Und Test 2020

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Assessment of Light Duty Diesel After-Treatment Technology Targeting Beyond Euro 6d Emissions Levels

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

An Overview of Lean Exhaust deNOx Aftertreatment Technologies and NOx Emission Regulations in the European Union

An Overview of Lean Exhaust deNOx Aftertreatment Technologies and NOx Emission Regulations in the European Union

Catalytic NO<sub>x</sub> Aftertreatment—Towards Ultra-Low NO<sub>x</sub> Mobility

Kalibrierung von Motorsteuergeräten mittels virtueller Methoden

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