Assessment of Intestinal Permeability: Enzymatic Determination of Urinary Mannitol, Raffinose, Sucrose and Lactose on Hitachi Analyzer

Hessels, Jan; Snoeyink, Ellen J M; Platenkamp, A J; Voortman, G.; Steggink, Jan; Eidhof, Harry H. M.

doi:10.1515/cclm.2003.007

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Determination of lactulose and mannitol are performed using the gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and enzymatic methods [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactulose/Mannitol Test and Specificity, Sensitivity, and Area under Curve of Intestinal Permeability Parameters in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Crohn's Disease

2008

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“…Determination of lactulose and mannitol are performed using the gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and enzymatic methods [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactulose/Mannitol Test and Specificity, Sensitivity, and Area under Curve of Intestinal Permeability Parameters in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Crohn's Disease

2008

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“…It is absorbed in healthy small intestinal mucosa, travels via the transcellular aqueous pores, the hydrophilic region of the cell membrane, ultimately reflecting the absorption of small molecules 106. Lactulose and saccharose, which are absorbed through the cell wall union complexes, that is, the TJ and extrusion zones of intervillous spaces, reflecting permeability to large molecules 104,107…”

Section: Analytic Methods To Determine Intestinal Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal permeability in a patient with liver cirrhosis

Valadez

Rivera-Espinosa

Méndez-Guerrero

et al. 2016

TCRM

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Liver cirrhosis is a worldwide public health problem, and patients with this disease are at high risk of developing complications, bacterial translocation from the intestinal lumen to the mesenteric nodes, and systemic circulation, resulting in the development of severe complications related to high mortality rate. The intestinal barrier is a structure with a physical and biochemical activity to maintain balance between the external environment, including bacteria and their products, and the internal environment. Patients with liver cirrhosis develop a series of alterations in different components of the intestinal barrier directly associated with the severity of liver disease that finally increased intestinal permeability. A “leaky gut” is an effect produced by damaged intestinal barrier; alterations in the function of tight junction proteins are related to bacterial translocation and their products. Instead, increasing serum proinflammatory cytokines and hemodynamics modification, which results in the appearance of complications of liver cirrhosis such as hepatic encephalopathy, variceal hemorrhage, bacterial spontaneous peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome. The intestinal microbiota plays a fundamental role in maintaining the proper function of the intestinal barrier; bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis are two phenomena often present in people with liver cirrhosis favoring bacterial translocation. Increased intestinal permeability has an important role in the genesis of these complications, and treating it could be the base for prevention and partial treatment of these complications.

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“…The reagents used for enzymatic measurement of the probe sugars have previously been described by us (11). The reagents used for enzymatic measurement of the probe sugars have previously been described by us (11).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Raffinose, lactose, sucrose and mannitol concentrations in urine were measured by enzymatic analysis (11) and the Raf/Man, Suc/Raf and Lac/Raf recovery ratios were calculated from the recoveries of the ingested dose. Reference values have been established from 39 healthy volunteers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Hypolactasia and Site-Specific Intestinal Permeability by Differential Sugar Absorption of Raffinose, Lactose, Sucrose and Mannitol

Hessels

Eidhof²,

Steggink³

et al. 2003

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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The sugar absorption test is a non-invasive test for investigating intestinal permeability by simultaneous measurement of four probe sugars. In this study, we evaluated the utility of raffinose, lactose, sucrose and mannitol as probe sugars and calculated their urinary recovery as a percentage of ingested dose (mol/mol) and the recovery ratios of raffinose/mannitol, lactose/ raffinose and sucrose/raffinose. The reference ranges for these ratios, established from 39 healthy volunteers, are 0.005-0.015, 0.13-0.63 and 0.09-0.47, respectively. This sugar absorption test was performed in three patient groups. i) In 109 patients with aspecific gastrointestinal symptoms of whom intestinal histology was studied by duodenal biopsies: the urinary raffinose/mannitol recovery ratio highly correlated with gradation of duodenal damage; the sensitivity and specificity of the raffinose/mannitol ratio for detection of intestinal damage were 93% and 91%, respectively, using a cut-off level of 0.020. ii) In 70 patients in whom intestinal lactase activity was investigated by the lactose tolerance test: the urinary lactose/raffinose recovery ratio provided high diagnostic accuracy for hypolactasia (sensitivity 81% and specificity 89% at a cut-off level of 0.70). In analogy with the lactose/raffinose ratio, we suppose that the sucrose/raffinose ratio can be used as a marker of hyposucrasia. iii) In 40 patients with localized small intestinal damage, Crohn's disease of the ileum (n = 21) and celiac disease with histologically proven duodenal damage (n = 19): the raffinose/mannitol recovery ratio was increased in 100% of patients with celiac disease and in 81% of patients with Crohn's disease; increased lactose/raffinose recovery ratio (hypolactasia) and increased sucrose/raffinose (hyposucrasia) were present in 89% and 95% of celiac patients and 19% and 0% of Crohn's disease patients, respectively. The combination of the raffinose/mannitol ratio and sucrose/raffinose ratio appears to be an indication of the distribution of intestinal damage.

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Assessment of Intestinal Permeability: Enzymatic Determination of Urinary Mannitol, Raffinose, Sucrose and Lactose on Hitachi Analyzer

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Lactulose/Mannitol Test and Specificity, Sensitivity, and Area under Curve of Intestinal Permeability Parameters in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Crohn's Disease

Lactulose/Mannitol Test and Specificity, Sensitivity, and Area under Curve of Intestinal Permeability Parameters in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Crohn's Disease

Intestinal permeability in a patient with liver cirrhosis

Assessment of Hypolactasia and Site-Specific Intestinal Permeability by Differential Sugar Absorption of Raffinose, Lactose, Sucrose and Mannitol

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