Assessment of intersex severity in grey mullets from three Portuguese estuaries — Preliminary data

Carrola, S.C.; Fontaínhas‐Fernandes, A.; Coelho, Daniela Cunha; Martinho, Filipe; Rocha, Maria João; Ferreira‐Cardoso, J.; Gouveia, Ana; Rocha, Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.05.109

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, looking at the oestrogens concentrations after their conversion to E2-EQ, it is concluded that they contribute to 31% of the oestrogenic load of this estuary (Table 2). Besides, their HQs show that oestrogens provide 59% of the HI, which suggests the maintenance of gonadal disruption conditions previously reported for fish from this area [26].…”

Section: Oestrogenssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…In the past, the Douro River estuary was one of the areas where these EDCs reached concentrations that induced endocrine disruption in fish, i.e., E1, E2, and EE2 were, respectively, 2.9 ng/L, 7.0 ng/L and 4.5 ng/L [3]. On that occasion, those levels were correlated with the presence of a high percentage of local male mullets (Mugil cephalus) with intersex (ovotestis), a well-known impact of oestrogenic exposure [26]. Since these EDCs may be very deleterious for aquatic organisms, they are currently in the UE watch list regulation [8], and thus their environmental levels should not be neglected.…”

Section: Oestrogensmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Annual Evaluation of 17 Oestrogenic Endocrine Disruptors and Hazard Indexes in the Douro River Estuary—The Atlantic Discharge of the Highest-Flow River of Southwestern Europe

Rocha

Silva

Rocha

2022

Water

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The concentrations of seventeen endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs) that included oestrogens, phytoestrogens, sitosterol, and banned industrial pollutants were investigated at ten sites of the Douro River estuary. Surface waters were collected during 2019. After evaluating the physicochemical data (ammonia, nitrates, nitrites and phosphates), the waters were filtrated and submitted to solid-phase extraction (SPE) to extract and pre-concentrate (4000-fold) the EDCs. The extracts were derivatized with BSTFA + 1% TMS and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). All EDCs showed a high detection rate (97%, on average), exhibiting ubiquity in this estuary. The finding of biologically relevant amounts of oestrogens (up to 8.5 ng/L for oestradiol, E2), phytoestrogens (up to 827 ng/L for biochanin A, BIO-A) and industrial pollutants (up to 2.7 µg/L for nonylphenol di-ethoxylated, NP2EO) strongly support ongoing risks of endocrine disruption for the local aquatic wildlife. Globally, there was an E2-equivalents (E2-EQs) concentration of 25 ng/L and a hazard index (HI) of 26, which further indicates considerable potential for adverse effects on local biota. Moreover, the physicochemical data suggest direct sewage discharges. Beyond possible toxicological effects on fauna, the detected contaminants may pose risks to humans via direct contact (bathing at local fluvial beaches) or by ingestion (local fish).

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Section: Oestrogenssupporting

confidence: 62%