Assessment of Interrater and Intrarater Reliability of Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) Goniometer

Wolan-Nieroda, Andżelina; Guzik, Agnieszka; Mocur, Paulina; Drużbicki, Mariusz; Maciejczak, Andrzej

doi:10.1155/2020/8908035

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Measurements made with the CROM goniometer showed inter- and intra-rater agreement on cervical ROM assessments. Therefore, the CROM goniometer is a reliable instrument for use in daily clinical practice [ 27 ]. The test-retest reliability of the measurements made with the CROM was verified, with ICC values for all cervical measurements ranging between 0.89 (CI: 0.73–0.96) for flexion and 0.98 (CI: 0.95–0.99) for extension, showing good validity [ 28 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Cervical Muscles and Functionality in Patients with Chronic Tension-Type Headache: An Observational Study

García-Pérez-de-Sevilla

González-de-la-Flor

Matin-Vera

et al. 2022

Medicina

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Background and objectives: Chronic tension-type headache (TTH) is the type of headache with the highest prevalence. The involvement of musculoskeletal structures in TTH is supported by evidence in the scientific literature. Among these, deep cervical muscle strength appears to be related to the function of the cervical spine and the clinical characteristics of TTH. This study aimed to correlate anatomical, functional, and psychological variables in patients with TTH. Materials and methods: An observational descriptive study was carried out with 22 participants diagnosed with TTH for at least six months. The characteristics of headaches, including ultrasound-based deep neck flexor and extensor muscle thickness, range of motion (ROM), and pressure pain threshold (PPT), were recorded. We also conducted the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ) and the Craniocervical Flexion Test (CCFT). Results: Moderate–large negative correlations were found between the PVAQ and the muscle thickness of right deep flexors contracted (r = −0.52; p = 0.01), left multifidus contracted (r = −0.44; p = 0.04), right multifidus at rest (r = −0.48; p = 0.02), and right multifidus contracted (r = −0.45; p = 0.04). Moderate–large positive correlations were found between the CCFT score and the left cervical rotation ROM (r = 0.53; p = 0.01), right cervical rotation ROM (r = 0.48; p = 0.03), muscle thickness of left multifidus contracted (r = 0.50; p = 0.02), and muscle thickness of right multifidus at rest (r = 0.51; p = 0.02). The muscle thickness of the contracted right deep cervical flexors showed a moderate negative correlation with headache intensity (r = −0.464; p = 0.03). No correlations were found between PPT and the rest of the variables analyzed. Conclusions: In patients with TTH, a higher thickness of deep cervical muscles was associated with higher ROM and higher scores in the CCFT. In turn, the thickness of deep cervical muscles showed negative correlations with pain hypervigilance and headache intensity. These results contribute to a better understanding of the physical and psychosocial factors contributing to the development of TTH, which is useful for implementing appropriate prevention and treatment measures.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Cervical Muscles and Functionality in Patients with Chronic Tension-Type Headache: An Observational Study

García-Pérez-de-Sevilla

González-de-la-Flor

Matin-Vera

et al. 2022

Medicina

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“…The algometer is measured using kilogram and pounds 17 . Cervical ROM was measured through a goniometer 18 . The neck pain disability index was used to assess neck disability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of ischemic compression pressure versus spray and stretch technique in the management of active myofascial trigger points of trapezius muscle.

Khan¹,

Akhter²,

Khan

et al. 2021

Int. j. endorsing health sci. res.

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Background: Now, a days myofascial trigger points are tremendously occurring and become a stressful part of nearly any person at any time in a lifetime. This study compares the effects of ischemic compression pressure with spray and stretch technique to treat active myofascial trigger points of the trapezius muscle in patients with neck pain. Methodology: A comparative interventional study was conducted at Dow University of Health Sciences from December 2016 and May 2017. Seventy patients (35 in each group) with active myofascial trigger points of trapezius were randomly assigned to group A (ischemic compression pressure) and group B (vapocoolant spray and stretch technique). Baseline and last session assessment of pain intensity, pain pressure tolerance, cervical range of motion and functional disability were measured through numerical pain-rating scale, algometer, goniometer and neck disability index, respectively. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in all dependent variables of study which were neck pain, cervical range of motion and pain pressure tolerance (p-value<0.05). Group A showed greater improvement in pain intensity (p-value 0.015), pressure pain threshold (p-value 0.000) and cervical range of motion flexion, left side flexion and right-side flexion (p-value 0.002, 0.000 & 0.004) than group B. Conclusion: Both ischemic compression pressure & spray and stretch technique deactivated trigger points of upper fibers trapezius muscle in patients with neck pain, but the ischemic compression pressure was superior to the spray and stretch technique.

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“…These protocols measure the CROM using different instruments. The CROM device ( Williams et al, 2012 ; Wolan-Nieroda et al, 2020 ; Swinkels & Swinkels-Meewisse, 2014 ; Oliveira-Souza et al, 2020 ), inclinometers ( Prushansky, Deryi & Jabarreen, 2010 ; Audette et al, 2010 ; Yoo, Park & Lee, 2011 ), and the goniometer ( Williams et al, 2010 ; Luedtke et al, 2020 ; Swinkels & Swinkels-Meewisse, 2014 ) are instruments that are typically employed in clinical practice. Among these, the goniometer, due to its small size, portability, and low cost, is the most widely-used solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel virtual reality application for autonomous assessment of cervical range of motion: development and reliability study

Santos-Paz

Sánchez-Picot

Rojo

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background Neck pain, one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases, affects 222 million people worldwide. The cervical range of motion (CROM) is a tool used to assess the neck’s state across three movement axes: flexo-extension, rotation, and lateral flexion. People with neck pain often have a reduced CROM, and they feel pain at the end-range and/or accompany neck movements with compensatory trunk movements. Virtual reality (VR) setups can track the movement of the head and other body parts in order to create the sensation of immersion in the virtual environment. Using this tracking position information, a CROM assessment can be performed using a VR setup that may be carried out autonomously from the user’s home. The objectives of this study were to develop a VR experience that could be used to perform a CROM assessment, and to evaluate the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the CROM measures guided by this VR experience. To the best of our knowledge, a study of this type has not been carried out before. Materials & Methods A total of 30 asymptomatic adults were assessed using a VR device (HTC Vive Pro Eye™). Two raters provided support with the VR setup, and the participants were guided by the VR experience as they performed the movements. Each rater tested each subject twice, in random order. In addition to a head-mounted display (HMD), a tracker located on the subject’s back was used to measure trunk compensatory movements. The CROM was estimated using only the HMD position and this measurement was corrected using the tracker data. The mean and standard deviation were calculated to characterize the CROM. To evaluate the reliability, the interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for intra-rater and inter-rater analysis. The standard error of measurement and minimum detectable change were also calculated. The usability of the VR system was measured using the Spanish version of the System Usability Scale. Results The mean CROM values in each axis of movement were compatible with those described in the literature. ICC values ranged between 0.86 and 0.96 in the intra-rater analysis and between 0.83 and 0.97 in the inter-rater analysis; these values were between good and excellent. When applying the correction of the trunk movements, both the intra-rater and inter-rater ICC values slightly worsened except in the case of the lateral flexion movement, where they slightly improved. The usability score of the CROM assessment/VR system was 86 points, which is an excellent usability score. Conclusion The reliability of the measurements and the usability of the system indicate that a VR setup can be used to assess CROM. The reliability of the VR setup can be affected by slippage of the HMD or tracker. Both slippage errors are additive, i.e., only when the sum of these two errors is less than the compensatory movement do the measurements improve when considering the tracker data.

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Assessment of Interrater and Intrarater Reliability of Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) Goniometer

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Deep Cervical Muscles and Functionality in Patients with Chronic Tension-Type Headache: An Observational Study

Deep Cervical Muscles and Functionality in Patients with Chronic Tension-Type Headache: An Observational Study

Effectiveness of ischemic compression pressure versus spray and stretch technique in the management of active myofascial trigger points of trapezius muscle.

A novel virtual reality application for autonomous assessment of cervical range of motion: development and reliability study

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