Assessment of indoor levels of volatile organic compounds and carbon dioxide in schools in Kuwait

Al-Awadi, L.

doi:10.1080/10962247.2017.1365781

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Occupants' wellbeing can be simultaneously affected by several IEQ factors in a complex way . Studies have shown that schools can be contaminated by various chemical and biological pollutants .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building and indoor environmental quality assessment of Nigerian primary schools: A pilot study

et al. 2019

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A total of 15 classrooms went through on‐site assessments/inspections, including measurements of temperature (T), and concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2). In addition, the level of surface biocontamination/cleaning effectiveness was assessed by measuring adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels on students' desks. Based on the data, the quality of facilities in the buildings was low. Classroom occupancy exceeded ASHRAE 50 person/100 m2 standard in all cases indicating overcrowding. However, concentrations of CO2 remained below 1000 ppm in most classrooms. On the other hand, indoor T was above the recommended levels for thermal comfort in all classrooms. Maximum indoor CO was 6 ppm. Median ATP concentrations on the desk tops were moderately high in all schools. The use of open incinerators and power generator sets near classrooms, which was suspected to be the main source of CO, should be discouraged. Improved hygiene could be achieved by providing the students access to functioning bathroom facilities and cafeteria, and by effective cleaning of high contact surfaces such as desks. Although ventilation seems adequate based on CO2 concentrations, thermal comfort was not attained especially in the afternoon during extreme sunlight. Therefore, installing passive and/or mechanical cooling systems should be considered in this regard.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building and indoor environmental quality assessment of Nigerian primary schools: A pilot study

et al. 2019

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“…An office space should have adequate air exchange in addition to cooling. Recirculating 100% of the indoor air, and having no fresh air entrainment would not be healthy for occupants of the office buildings (Al-Awadi, 2018). The studies by Ocak et al (2012) and also found that inadequate ventilation rates, high number of occupants, and their activities contributed to high CO 2 concentrations in mosque buildings.…”

Section: Indoor Air Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high CO 2 concentrations recorded in the office space show that the office space was inadequately ventilated in the restricted air circulation of the ACSU office building as the air movements recorded was low and could perhapse provide the conditions for bacterial growth. The CO 2 concentration in indoor air indicates ventilation rate, comfort status, indoor air quality, high occupancy rate and pollution levels (Godwin & Batterman, 2007;Mahayuddin & Awbi, 2012;Batog & Badura, 2013;McGill et al, 2015;Fan et al, 2017;Hussin, 2017;Al-Awadi, 2018). Thus, the high CO 2 concentrations level in the office space reflected the lack of ventilation, poor air quality, and the indoor air is not refreshed enough within the office building.…”

Section: Indoor Air Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Indoor Air Quality in an Air-Conditioning Split Units (Acsu) Office Building

Rasli¹,

Ramli²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2021

JSSM

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The indoor air quality (IAQ) in Air-Conditioning Split Units (ACSU) offices depends mainly on recirculated indoor air that has gone through filters. Workers usually spend eight hours in the office space with restricted air circulation. An IAQ assessment was conducted at the administrative office space, USM, to investigate conditions in an ACSU office space; from 8.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m. It starts with a walkthrough survey followed by the filling of questionnaires, with a sample size of 11 workers for insights into the office operations. The specific physical parameters (T, RH, and AM) and indoor air contaminants (CO, CH 2 O, O 3 , PM 10 , TVOC, TBC, TFC, and CO 2 ) were conducted at three points indoor and one point outdoor. The T and RH were within the acceptable range of 23-26°C and 40-70%, respectively by ICOP, while the AM was very low and less than the acceptable threshold range of 0.

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“…Artificial intelligence has been used in research around the world to address ventilation strategies to minimize CO 2 and other pollutants (AI). Intelligent control modeling for improving occupant environment comfort employs fuzzy logic (FL), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Integrated Fuzzy Modeling to Predict Dynamic Occupant Environment Comfort for Optimized Sustainability

Ahmad

Yung²,

Kausar

et al. 2022

Scientific Programming

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In the ever-evolving vibrant landscape of our times, it is crucial that a peaceful environment is ensured taking into account all the likely ecological parameters along with humidity and temperature while conserving energy. Thus, besides mechanical and electric control systems, it has become vital to ensure that artificial intelligence (AI) is assimilated and deployed into the systems so as to raise the well-being of the environment. By disseminating intelligence across the building by utilizing the new internet of things (IoT) technology, along with control formats, local open standard data, AI algorithms, and cloud-based predictive analytics, the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) mechanism renders the capability to acclimatize to use patterns, alterations in use patterns, and equipment breakdown. By tracing human activity coupled with analysis of noise, energy, and temperature in the building, its occupants and facility managers can obtain vital insights for planning, optimum use of space, and behavioral changes, in turn ensuring more content and safer inhabitants and considerably more efficient structures. Moreover, fuzzy modeling shows its applicability factor with the execution of human rationale and reasoning with if-then rules as attained from the system’s input-output info for model setup and training. Additionally, it presents advantages pertaining to predictive functions for tackling nonlinearity and uncertainty as well as studying the capability of the models recommended. Thus, the multi-dimensional model recommended in this study outlines a system architecture as an implementation methodology and how it harmonizes prevailing systems while offering comprehensive knowledge to HVAC systems for the accomplishment of lower energy consumption and inhabitant safety and well-being on the basis of the fuzzy modeling. With tolerance for CO2 discharges moving towards zero, the recommended multi-dimensional model provides substantial advantages for the HVAC sector for meeting the essential objectives while taking into account enhanced sustainability in vibrant and nonlinear environments for enhancing the accuracy and fairness of the assessment outcomes.

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Assessment of indoor levels of volatile organic compounds and carbon dioxide in schools in Kuwait

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Building and indoor environmental quality assessment of Nigerian primary schools: A pilot study

Building and indoor environmental quality assessment of Nigerian primary schools: A pilot study

Assessment of Indoor Air Quality in an Air-Conditioning Split Units (Acsu) Office Building

Nonlinear Integrated Fuzzy Modeling to Predict Dynamic Occupant Environment Comfort for Optimized Sustainability

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