Assessment of human exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs and Co-PCBs using hair as a human pollution indicator sample I: development of analytical method for human hair and evaluation for exposure assessment

Nakao, Teruyuki; Aozasa, Osamu; Ohta, Souichi; Miyata, Hideaki

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00156-x

Cited by 64 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hence, the background contamination in TZ should be more serious than that in HZ. This can be further confirmed by the dioxin hair analysis since dioxin levels in hair reflect those in the atmosphere (44)(45)(46)(47) 17.74 pg WHO-TEQ/g dry wt) was significantly higher than that in HZ samples (5.59 ( 4.43 pg WHO-TEQ/g dry wt) (p < 0.05). Moreover, Nakao et al (45) pointed out that hair collected from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration workers contained total TEQ levels (4.37 pg WHO-TEQ/g) that were 2.5 times higher than those from the general population (1.74 pg WHO-TEQ/g).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…However, human milk collected from Ya-Er Lake revealed higher levels than those from TZ (59). Such contradiction may imply that there was fresh input of dioxins to the atmospheric environment in TZ as hair is a good indicator for atmospheric dioxins (44,46,47,63).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Both profiles were markedly different from those for the reference group or for the general population. Nakao et al (44) also concluded that although the hair samples had been washed for chemical analysis, dioxins produced in the combustion process in the MSW incinerator was one of the exposures leading to dioxins in workers' hair as similar isomer patterns were also found in precipitation ash. Therefore, high levels of dioxins in TZ hair were caused by atmospheric exposure in addition to body accumulation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Loadings and Health Risk Assessment of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans at an Intensive Electronic Waste Recycling Site in China

Chan

Xing

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

185

112

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This study is one of the very few investigating the dioxin body burden of a group of child-bearing-aged women at an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling site (Taizhou, Zhejiang Province) (24 ( 2.83 years of age, 40% were primiparae) and a reference site (Lin'an city, Zhejiang Province, about 245 km away from Taizhou) (24 ( 2.35 years of age, 100% were primiparae) in China. Five sets of samples (each set consisted of human milk, placenta, and hair) were collected from each site. Body burdens of people from the e-waste processing site (human milk, 21.02 ( 13.81 pg WHO-TEQ 1998 /g fat (World Health Organization toxic equivalency 1998); placenta, 31.15 ( 15.67 pg WHO-TEQ 1998 /g fat; hair, 33.82 ( 17.74 pg WHO-TEQ 1998 /g dry wt) showed significantly higher levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/ Fs) than those from the reference site (human milk, 9.35 ( 7.39 pg WHO-TEQ 1998 /g fat; placenta, 11.91 ( 7.05 pg WHO-TEQ 1998 /g fat; hair, 5.59 ( 4.36 pg WHO-TEQ 1998 /g dry wt) and were comparatively higher than other studies. The difference between the two sites was due to e-waste recycling operations, for example, open burning, which led to high background levels. Moreover, mothers from the e-waste recycling site consumed more foods of animal origin. The estimated daily intake of PCDD/Fs within 6 months by breastfed infants from the e-waste processing site was 2 times higher than that from the reference site. Both values exceeded the WHO tolerable daily intake for adults by at least 25 and 11 times, respectively. Our results implicated that e-waste recycling operations cause prominent PCDD/F levels in the environment and in humans. The elevated body burden may have health implications for the next generation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Loadings and Health Risk Assessment of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans at an Intensive Electronic Waste Recycling Site in China

Chan

Xing

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

185

112

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“…Comparing the available data in human hair, the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in hair in this study were 40 times higher than those collected from residents living close to contaminated Ya-Er Lake (36), about 20 times higher than the upper limit of the concentration in healthy subjects in Japan (37), and even slightly higher than those of lying-in women in the study area (2). As for PCBs, the levels were nearly 2 orders of magnitude greater than those of hair samples in Japan and Belgium (37,38). The mean PCB-TEQ concentration in hair from the LQ area was nearly 40 times higher than those previously reported in hair of the workers occupationally exposed to municipal solid-waste (MSW) incineration (39).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Elevated Levels of Urinary 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine in Male Electrical and Electronic Equipment Dismantling Workers Exposed to High Concentrations of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans, Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, and Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Wen

Yang

Gong

et al. 2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

119

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To investigate the occupational exposure levels to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), indoor dust (n = 3) in workshops and hair samples from male workers (n = 64) were collected at two electrical and electronic equipment waste (E-waste) dismantling factories located in the LQ area in east China in July 11−13, 2006. Pre- and postworkshift urines (64 of each) were also collected from the workers to study oxidative damage to DNA using 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a biomarker. The concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PCDD/F-WHO-TEQs, PBDEs, PCBs and PCB-WHO-TEQs were (50.0 ± 8.1) × 103, 724.1 ± 249.6, (27.5 ± 5.8) × 106, (1.6 ± 0.4) × 109, (26.2 ± 3.0) × 103 pg/g dry weight (dw) in dust, and (2.6 ± 0.6) × 103 , 42.4 ± 9.3, (870.8 ± 205.4) × 103, (1.6 ± 0.2) × 106, 41.5 ± 5.5 pg/g dw in hair, respectively. The homologue and congener profiles in the samples demonstrated that high concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PBDEs, and PCBs were originated from open burning of E-waste. The 8-OHdG levels were detected at 6.40 ± 1.64 µmol/mol creatinine in preworkshift urines. However, the levels significantly increased to 24.55 ± 5.96 µmol/mol creatinine in postworkshift urines (p < 0.05). Then, it is concluded that there is a high cancer risk originated from oxidative stress indicated by the elevated 8-OHdG levels in the E-waste dismantling workers exposed to high concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PBDEs, and PCBs.

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“…Environmental exposure to dioxins contamination has caused health concerns as tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer [2,3]. PCDDs have been identified as residues in hair, wool and human milk [4]. Spider webs have never been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of PCDDs in spider webs: preliminary studies

Rybak

Rutkowski

2018

E3S Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The application of spider webs for determination of polichlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs) has been studied for the first time. The aim of the studies was to find out if spider webs are suitable for such examinations as it was proved in the previous research they are excellent indicators of air pollutants. Spiders are ubiquitous, thus collection of samples is easy and non-invasive. Studies were conducted within the city of Wrocław and surroundings, one of the biggest and at the same time heaviest polluted city in Poland. Five research sites have been chosen, where spider webs were collected after 60 days of continuous exposure time. Webs belonging to two genera Tegenaria sylvestris and Tegenaria ferruginea (family Agelenidae) have been chosen as they are large and very dense, thus they are very suitable for such examinations. Webs were found to retain dioxins probably mainly by external exposure. These promising results should be continued and expanded in the future research.

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Assessment of human exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs and Co-PCBs using hair as a human pollution indicator sample I: development of analytical method for human hair and evaluation for exposure assessment

Cited by 64 publications

References 13 publications

Body Loadings and Health Risk Assessment of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans at an Intensive Electronic Waste Recycling Site in China

Body Loadings and Health Risk Assessment of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans at an Intensive Electronic Waste Recycling Site in China

Elevated Levels of Urinary 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine in Male Electrical and Electronic Equipment Dismantling Workers Exposed to High Concentrations of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans, Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, and Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Determination of PCDDs in spider webs: preliminary studies

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