Abstract:Concrete has been used as a construction material for several thousand years. The concrete as known today was only developed around 150 years ago after the technology was all but lost for a millennium after the fall of the Roman Empire. Historic concrete structures therefore generally only date back second half of the 18 th century. Structures that date further back are considered to be ancient concrete. The structures that require attention and therefore an assessment generally belong to the more recent perio… Show more
“…Historic concrete structures in many European countries, which are nowadays encountered during restoration works in public or industrial buildings, were constructed at the turn of the 20 th century [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. In those times, construction and design codes were not yet established (until the early 1900s in France), however, many structural and material innovations came into use at that time.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In those times, construction and design codes were not yet established (until the early 1900s in France), however, many structural and material innovations came into use at that time. When such old structures need to be assessed for restoration or refurbishment works with regard to their structural integrity and durability, it is important to know what to look for and how to identify the potential risks [1,6] of both design and construction works. One extremely important element for a proper diagnosis of the current technical condition of such industrial heritage buildings is the results of their architectural and structural historical analysis.…”
Industrial buildings from the beginning of the 20th century can still be found in Polish cities. Some of them have already been listed as heritage objects. Those structures where new technical solutions and materials were used, for example concrete, are especially interesting. Some of those objects are currently under a process of restoration with the aim to reconstruct and adapt them for completely new and different utility functions but without losing their important heritage value. In this paper, elements of the assessment procedure of the technical state regarding a historical survey, material examination and structural analysis, are presented on the example of two selected industrial buildings in which reinforced concrete was used as the main structural material. The main aim of the performed diagnostic procedure was verification of the load-bearing capacity of structures of the examined buildings. The calculation made confirmed that in case of not damaged concrete elements they have enough capacity to carry on newly designed loads. That confirmed that old concrete structures, especially in industrial buildings, sometimes have capacity reserves. On the other hand it allows to perform the design of less invasive renovation works or strengthening solutions with the aim to respect their industrial heritage value.
“…Historic concrete structures in many European countries, which are nowadays encountered during restoration works in public or industrial buildings, were constructed at the turn of the 20 th century [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. In those times, construction and design codes were not yet established (until the early 1900s in France), however, many structural and material innovations came into use at that time.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In those times, construction and design codes were not yet established (until the early 1900s in France), however, many structural and material innovations came into use at that time. When such old structures need to be assessed for restoration or refurbishment works with regard to their structural integrity and durability, it is important to know what to look for and how to identify the potential risks [1,6] of both design and construction works. One extremely important element for a proper diagnosis of the current technical condition of such industrial heritage buildings is the results of their architectural and structural historical analysis.…”
Industrial buildings from the beginning of the 20th century can still be found in Polish cities. Some of them have already been listed as heritage objects. Those structures where new technical solutions and materials were used, for example concrete, are especially interesting. Some of those objects are currently under a process of restoration with the aim to reconstruct and adapt them for completely new and different utility functions but without losing their important heritage value. In this paper, elements of the assessment procedure of the technical state regarding a historical survey, material examination and structural analysis, are presented on the example of two selected industrial buildings in which reinforced concrete was used as the main structural material. The main aim of the performed diagnostic procedure was verification of the load-bearing capacity of structures of the examined buildings. The calculation made confirmed that in case of not damaged concrete elements they have enough capacity to carry on newly designed loads. That confirmed that old concrete structures, especially in industrial buildings, sometimes have capacity reserves. On the other hand it allows to perform the design of less invasive renovation works or strengthening solutions with the aim to respect their industrial heritage value.
Exposed architectural concrete is often a defining characteristic of modernist structures. Concrete, like other construction materials, eventually deteriorates over time and with exposure to environmental factors. With any historic structure, challenges exist in the development of an appropriately sensitive rehabilitation strategy to address existing distress, including structural repairs, use of compatible materials, development of repair procedures without unnecessary removal of historic material, and sustainable practices, as well as to meet the requirements of governing standards or jurisdictions. It is important to understand the structure’s construction, including material constituents of the concrete, unique characteristics, and extent and causes of deterioration, as well as project requirements and goals. Following a condition assessment, the rehabilitation strategy can be developed, taking into account the sensitive nature of the structure. Appropriateness and compatibility of repairs, together with technical soundness, are key to the success of the repair design. In addition, poor or incomplete repairs will have a minimal service life and can result in additional distress or other problems with the structure. This paper will describe challenges encountered in the preservation of modern concrete structures, focusing on architectural concrete. Case studies of several iconic modernist concrete structures, including the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California, for which the authors have developed that highlight approaches to address these challenges.
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