Assessment of heterologous lumpy skin disease vaccine-induced immunity in pregnant cattle vaccinated at different times of gestation period and their influence on maternally derived antibodies

Gaber, Ahmed R.; Rouby, Sherin; Elsaied, Amera; El-Sherif, A. M.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110380

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…This replication causes vasculitis and lymphangitis (Coetzer 2004). Lactating cows, young ones, and weak cows/buffaloes are more vulnerable to LSD, probably due to impaired humoral immunity (Babiuk et al 2008b;Gaber et al 2022). Calves born to infected dam's are resilient to frank illness at least for six months as they acquire maternal antibodies through colostrum (Tuppurainen et al 2005;Mulatu and Feyisa 2018;Gupta et al 2020).…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Lsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Local breeds of cattle are mostly resistant to LSD whereas imported breeds are more vulnerable to clinical disease (Ali and Gumbe 2018;Sudhakar et al 2021) whereas Tuppurainen et al (2011) reported that all breeds of cattle are vulnerable to the disease. 2021) reported that regardless of the age, all cattle are susceptible to the LSD, however, there are published reports that young animals demonstrated higher vulnerability and harshness of the disease than the aged cattle (Babiuk et al 2008b;Ali and Gumbe, 2018;Tuppurainen et al 2011;Khan et al 2021;Gaber et al 2022). The degree of the LSD severity is controlled by the hosts' vulnerability and immunological condition (Brenner et al 2009;Tuppurainen et al 2017b;OEI 2021;Das et al 2021;Gaber et al 2022).…”

Section: Morbidity Mortality and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2021) reported that regardless of the age, all cattle are susceptible to the LSD, however, there are published reports that young animals demonstrated higher vulnerability and harshness of the disease than the aged cattle (Babiuk et al 2008b;Ali and Gumbe, 2018;Tuppurainen et al 2011;Khan et al 2021;Gaber et al 2022). The degree of the LSD severity is controlled by the hosts' vulnerability and immunological condition (Brenner et al 2009;Tuppurainen et al 2017b;OEI 2021;Das et al 2021;Gaber et al 2022). Ochwo et al (2019) were of the view that LSDV could be associated with sex, age, management type, common water source and mean annual rainfall.…”

Section: Morbidity Mortality and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lumpy Skin Disease: A Threat to the Livestock Industry - A Review

Nadeem¹

2022

Agrobiol. Rec.

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) could cause huge economic losses to the farmers. It is a major obstacle to the international trade. Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) belongs to genus Capripoxvirus. The LSD causes substantial decrease in milk yield may be from 10% to 85% (no conjunction). In Karachi (Pakistan), milk and meat sales have been hampered by 60% to 70% because of LSD. All breeds and ages of cattle are involved, however, cows in peak lactation and young ones are more vulnerable. The LSD epidemics mostly occur in hot and humid environment at that time majority of the insects are active those acts as vector/insect species. Wildlife could promote the spread of LSD. The clinical picture of the LSD includes nasal discharge, inappetence, fever, lachrymation along with salivation and inflamed lymph nodes, body weight loss, and occasionally death. The LSD is described by slightly elevated, firm, demarcated skin nodules (2-7cm in diameter) that are typically spread all over the body. Morbidity varies from 0.75% to 100% whereas mortality is mostly low (0 to 7%). Tissues of digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tract show lesions. Secondary complications of serious LSD could be mastitis, pneumonia, keratitis, lameness, dysentery, and myiasis. Under a microscope, in skin nodules eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the keratinocytes are considered as pathognomonic. The LSD doesn’t belong to the zoonotic diseases. Milk and meat from infected animal are reliable and safe for human consumption. It is urgent to opt strategies for the control and prevention of the disease. Restricted movement of infected animals is a major factor in the transmission of the LSD in the non-endemic area. Curtailment of vectors/insects is also proposed for the control of the disease. Additionally, vaccination/immunization with the homologous strain of the LSDV could be the best strategy for the control of the disease. Diagnosis has also prime importance that should be prompt and precise especially in the endemic areas has prime importance so that control measures could be opted well in time for the curtailment of the LSD.

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Section: Pathogenesis Of Lsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morbidity Mortality and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morbidity Mortality and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lumpy Skin Disease: A Threat to the Livestock Industry - A Review

Nadeem¹

2022

Agrobiol. Rec.

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“…Now that the attenuated sheep or goat pox viruses have been used as heterologous vaccines, with some success, some Neethling-based LSD vaccines showed severe post-vaccination (PV) reactions and vaccination failure. Partial protection of cattle against LSD has been achieved in Egypt by an attenuated Romanian strain of SPV vaccine (Gaber et al, 2022 ). While it has been reported that vaccination of cattle with LSDV resulted in the appearance of antibodies in 50% of the animals after three weeks, no antibody response was detected with SPV vaccines (Hamdi et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency vaccination of cattle against lumpy skin disease: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, and potency of MEVAC® LSD vaccine containing Neethling strain

Bazid

Wasfy²,

Fawzy

et al. 2022

Vet Res Commun

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging disease of cattle causing significantly high economic losses. Control of LSD depends on the use of homologous attenuated LSD virus strains isolated originally from South Africa (the Neethling strain). The virus belongs to the genus Capripoxvirus, which includes sheep pox virus and goat pox virus. The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new live attenuated LSD vaccine produced by Middle East for Vaccines (MEVAC®) based on the Neethling strain. Tests were performed both in Egypt and Vietnam. Safety was evaluated by inoculation of five cattle with 10 times the recommended dose and observation of the animals for 14 days. Immunogenicity was tested at different periods post-vaccination (PV) in animals receiving the recommended doses of the vaccine using ELISA and virus neutralization test. Five cows were used to determine the protection index (PI) and non-vaccinated control cattle were included. Three calves were challenged by intradermal inoculation of the wild virus (5 × 105 TCID50) 28 days PV. Field or mass vaccination experiments were conducted in Vietnam during national campaigns in the summer of 2021 with 4301 vaccinated animals closely monitored after vaccination. In the field, around 2% (80/4301) of the animals showed hyper-reactivity, and 0.6% (24/4301) showed small skin swellings that disappeared within few hours PV. Abortion was recorded in three animals (0.3% 3/867). Challenged animals were resistant to clinical disease and PI value was 3.5 log10. Meanwhile, antibody levels determined by the ELISA were inconsistent among animals and laboratories during the study period. Overall, the findings point to a new safe and effective LSD vaccine.

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“…As an emergency measure, the policy makers in India authorized the use of goatpox vaccine (heterologous vaccine) against LSD in cattle in 2021 1, 18 . However, the cross protection issue has been controversial 14, 19, 20 . There are numerous examples wherein GPV/SPPV-based vaccines have been shown to induce partial protection against LSDV in cattle 13, 21–25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of a new live-attenuated lumpy skin disease vaccine in India

Kumar

Barua

Kumar

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) was reported for the first time in India in 2019 and since then, it has become endemic. Since a homologous (LSD-virus based) vaccine was not available in the country, goatpox virus (GPV)-based heterologous vaccine was authorized for mass immunization against LSD in cattle. This study describes the evaluation of safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of a new live-attenuated LSD vaccine developed using an Indian field strain (LSDV/India/2019/Ranchi). The virus was attenuated by continuous passage (P=50) in Vero cells. The vaccine (50th LSDV passage in Vero cells, named as Lumpi-ProVacInd) did not induce any local or systemic reaction upon its experimental inoculation in calves (n=10). At day 30 post-vaccination (pv), the vaccinated animals were shown to develop antibody- and cell-mediated immune response and exhibited complete protection upon virulent LSDV challenge. We observed a minimum Neethling response (0.018% animals; 5 out of 26940 animals) of the vaccine in field trials among 26940 animals. There was no significant reduction in the milk yield in lactating animals (n=10108), besides there was no abortion or any other reproductive disorder in the pregnant animals (n=2889). Sero-conversion was observed in 85.18% animals in the field by day 30 pv.

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Assessment of heterologous lumpy skin disease vaccine-induced immunity in pregnant cattle vaccinated at different times of gestation period and their influence on maternally derived antibodies

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Lumpy Skin Disease: A Threat to the Livestock Industry - A Review

Lumpy Skin Disease: A Threat to the Livestock Industry - A Review

Emergency vaccination of cattle against lumpy skin disease: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, and potency of MEVAC® LSD vaccine containing Neethling strain

Evaluation of the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of a new live-attenuated lumpy skin disease vaccine in India

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