Assessment of herbal medicinal products: Challenges, and opportunities to increase the knowledge base for safety assessment

Jordan, Scott A.; Cunningham, David; Marles, Robin J.

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.12.005

Cited by 309 publications

(198 citation statements)

References 153 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

191

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In fact, for most aromatic and medicinal plants, evaluation of toxicological effects has started only in recent years (AguilarSantamarı´a et al, 2007;De´ciga-Campos et al, 2007). Even so, for most plants its toxicological effects are still poorly described (Jordan et al, 2010;Street, Stirk, & Van Staden, 2008). Despite the secondary metabolites' toxicity (Sirikantaramas, Yamazaki, & Saito, 2008), other internal components can be toxic, as heavy metals often bio-accumulated by aromatic plants (Broadley et al, 2001;F.M.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several synthetic drugs, such as metformin, guanidine or aspirin, are plant based active compounds previously extracted from medicinal plants (Mueller & Jungbauer, 2009;Petlevski, Hadzija, Slijepcevic, & Juretic, 2001). Only recently, investigation on toxicological effects of some medicinal plants has started (Aguilar-Santamarı´a et al, 2007;De´ciga-Campos et al, 2007); however, for most plants, their potential toxicological effects remain poorly characterized (Jordan, Cunningham, & Marles, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Antioxidant capacity and toxicological evaluation ofPterospartum tridentatumflower extracts

Ferreira

Dinis

Azedo

et al. 2012

CyTA - Journal of Food

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pterospartum tridentatum Willk. (prickled broom) is an autochthonous plant, common in Portuguese territory. The yellow flowers are used in traditional medicine, as a potential cure for all body illnesses, mainly to treat throat irritations or for diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia therapy. Despite its traditional use, no toxicological assessment has been performed to our knowledge. A high antioxidant activity of P. tridentatum flower water extract was found, in good agreement with its electrospray ionisation-mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) spectrum which revealed the presence of several flavonoids, such as luteolin-O-(O-acetyl)-glucuronide, luteolin-Oglucuronide or isorhamnetin-O-hexoside. Mitocondrial respiratory rates (state 4, state 3 and FCCP-stimulated respiration) and respiratory indexes (respiratory control and P/O ratios) showed no consistent decrease of respiratory and phosphorylative efficiencies for the concentrations tested (up to 500 mg.mL 71 ). Cytotoxicity evaluation, using MTT assay, was in agreement with the previous results. In conclusion, for the concentration range commonly used, P. tridentatum flower usage can be regarded as harmless and credible.Keywords: antioxidant capacity; cytotoxicity; oxidative phosphorylation; phytotherapy; Pterospartum tridentatum (L.); Willk.; toxicologic evaluation Pterospartum tridentatum Willk. es una planta auto´ctona comu´n en el territorio portugue´s. Las flores amarillas se usan en medicina tradicional como cura potencial para todas las enfermedades, especialmente para tratamientos de irritacio´n de garganta o para tratamientos contra diabetes, hipertensio´n o hipercolesterolemia. A pesar de su uso tradicional, ninguna evaluacio´n toxicolo´gica se ha llevado a cabo. Se encontro´una alta actividad antioxidante de extracto acuoso de flor de P. Tridentatum, concordando con su espectro ESI-MS, el cual revelo´la presencia de varios flavonoides, como luteolina O-(O-acetil)-glucuro´nido, luteolina-Oglucuro´nido o isorramntina-O-hexo´sido. Las frecuencias respiratorias mitocondriales (estado 4, estado 3 y respiracio´n estimulada por FCCP) mostraron un descenso no consistente de eficiencia respiratoria y fosforilativa para las concentraciones analizadas (hasta 500 mg.mL -1 ). La evaluacio´n de citotoxicidad, usando ensayo MTT, coincidio´con los resultados previos. En conclusio´n, para las concentraciones comu´nmente empleadas, el uso de las flores de P. tridentatum se puede considerar inocuo y verosı´mil.Palabras claves: capacidad antioxidante; citotoxicidad; fosforilacio´n oxidativa; fitoterapia; Pterospartum tridentatum (L.) Willk; evaluacio´n toxicolo´gica Abbreviations: ESI, electrospray ionization; FCCP, carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; HepG2, a human hepatoma cell line; MS, mass spectrometry; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; P/O ratio, ratio of ADP molecules phosphorylated to atoms of oxygen consumed; RCR, respiratory control ratio (state 3 respiratory rate/state 4 respiratory rate)

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant capacity and toxicological evaluation ofPterospartum tridentatumflower extracts

Ferreira

Dinis

Azedo

et al. 2012

CyTA - Journal of Food

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A survey revealed that 71% of Canadians and 19% of the adult population in the United States were using natural health products. 22 Most of the herbal product users decide to consume herbal remedies derived from the conviction that these natural substances are safer than synthetic drugs, and is mainly based on personal sentence or information coming from friends or media.…”

Section: Adverse Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An open label, randomized, fixed-dose, crossover study comparing efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate and saffron (Crocus sativus Linn.) for treating erectile dysfunction in men naïve to treatment

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An open label, randomized, fixed-dose, crossover study comparing efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate and saffron (Crocus sativus Linn.) for treating erectile dysfunction in men naïve to treatment MR Safarinejad, N Shafiei and S Safarinejad Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University (MC), Tehran, Iran Saffron (Crocus sativus Linn.) have been perceived by the public as a strong aphrodisiac herbal product. However, studies addressing the potential beneficial effects of saffron on erectile function (EF) in men with ED are lacking. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of saffron administration on EF in men with ED. After a 4-week baseline assessment, 346 men with ED (mean age 46.6 ± 8.4 years) were randomized to receive on-demand sildenafil for 12 weeks followed by 30 mg saffron twice daily for another 12 weeks or vice versa, separated by a 2-week washout period. To determine the type of ED, penile color duplex Doppler ultrasonography before and after intracavernosal injection with 20 lg prostaglandin E 1 , pudendal nerve conduction tests and impaired sensory-evoked potential studies were performed. Subjects were assessed with an International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire, Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diary questions, patient and partner versions of the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS) questionnaire and the Global Efficacy Question (GEQ) 'Has the medication you have been taking improved your erections?' No significant improvements were observed with regard to the IIEF sexual function domains, SEP questions and EDITS scores with saffron administration. The mean changes from baseline values in IIEF-EF domain were þ 87.6% and þ 9.8% in sildenafil and placebo groups, respectively (P ¼ 0.08). We did not observe any improvement in 15 individual IIEF questions in patients while taking saffron. Treatment satisfaction as assessed by partner versions of EDITS was found to be very low in saffron patients (72.4 vs 25.4, P ¼ 0.001). Mean per patient 'yes' responses to GEQ was 91.2 and 4.2% for sildenafil and saffron, respectively (P ¼ 0.0001). These findings do not support a beneficial effect of saffron administration in men with ED.

show abstract

“…Despite their natural origin, the use of medicinal plants extracts containing a very complex mix of chemical compounds may cause adverse effects and medicine interactions [23]. In addition, STLs also may cause acute or chronic toxicity [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smallanthus macroscyphus: A new source of antidiabetic compounds

Serra-Barcellona

Aráoz

Cabrera

et al. 2014

Chemico-Biological Interactions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Assessment of herbal medicinal products: Challenges, and opportunities to increase the knowledge base for safety assessment

Cited by 309 publications

References 153 publications

Antioxidant capacity and toxicological evaluation ofPterospartum tridentatumflower extracts

Antioxidant capacity and toxicological evaluation ofPterospartum tridentatumflower extracts

An open label, randomized, fixed-dose, crossover study comparing efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate and saffron (Crocus sativus Linn.) for treating erectile dysfunction in men naïve to treatment

Smallanthus macroscyphus: A new source of antidiabetic compounds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About