Assessment of heavy metal pollution using contamination factor, pollution load index, and geoaccumulation index in Kalpani River sediments, Pakistan

Nasir, Muhammad; Wahab, Abdul; Ayaz, Tehreem; Khan, Sardar; Khan, Aman Nawaz; Lei, Ming

doi:10.1007/s12517-023-11231-5

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The geoaccumulation index (I geo ) was first developed by Muller and is used to assess different pollution levels in bottom sediments and soils [57][58][59]. The geoaccumulation index was calculated from the following Equation (3):…”

Section: Geoaccumulation Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source and Migration Pathways of Heavy Metals in Soils from an Iron Mine in Baotou City, China

Wang,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Minerals

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The exploitation of iron ore could cause heavy metals pollution in the soils, which threatens the ecosystem and human health. In this study, soil, stream sediment, tailings, rock, and atmospheric deposition samples were collected from an iron mine in Baotou City. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, Al2O3, CaO, K2O, MgO, Na2O, SiO2, and Fe2O3, as well as the mineral composition and heavy metal speciation of the samples, were analyzed for pollution assessment and source identification of heavy metals. The results reveal that the concentration of Cu in the soils was significantly higher than the background value, and an unpolluted to moderately polluted state was the main pollution level. By analyzing the relationship between Cu/Al2O3 and CaO in different samples, as well as the characteristics of the chemical index of alteration (CIA), mineral composition, and the chemical speciation of Cu in soils and profiles, the results suggest that tailings were the source of Cu pollution in soils. The distribution characteristics of Cu and CaO in stream sediments indicated that hydraulic transport may be one of the main migration pathways. In addition, wind transport may also be a pathway of migration.

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Section: Geoaccumulation Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source and Migration Pathways of Heavy Metals in Soils from an Iron Mine in Baotou City, China

Wang,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Minerals

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“…The degree of contamination of the riverbank soil, floodplain soil, and sediment was evaluated by using the Contamination Factor (CFi) and Pollution Load Index (PLI), as in [32][33][34], according to the formulas:…”

Section: Environment Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Ci is the concentration (µg/g) of the i-th element, and Bi is the background level (µg/g) of the i-th element. The CFi is a dimensionless value rated from 1 to 6 [34]: CFi < 1low pollution; 1 < CFi < 3-moderate contamination; 3 < CFi < 6-considerable contamination; CFi > 6-very high contamination.…”

Section: Environment Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of Radionuclides and Hazardous Elements in the Transboundary River Basin Kyrgyzstan–Kazakhstan

Severinenko

Solodukhin

Djenbaev

et al. 2023

Water

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Important for irrigation, the transboundary river basin between Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan is vulnerable to geochemical and anthropogenic sources of pollution. The use of water use indices, together with measurements of the elemental and radionuclide composition of the water and bottom sediments, provides a means for evaluating the continued use of the water from this region. Recent monitoring shows the highest concentrations of hazardous contaminants include lead and thorium contained in the bottom and banks of the Kichi-Kemin River. These contaminants are likely remnants of an accidental spill at the Aktyuz tailing dump in 1964. The specific activity of the Th-232 of the bottom and banks of the Kichi-Kemin River is 107–189 Bq/kg. There is evidence of anthropogenic sources of additional pollution from uranium in both the bottom sediments and the water in the Oyrandy River. The geochemical origins of uranium and other associated elements in the water of the Shu River are likely the Kamyshanovskoye deposit. Contact between the riverbed and ore bodies in this region likely leads to elevated concentrations of several geogenic contaminants, including lithium, strontium, uranium, and boron (Li, Sr, U, B), increasing by as much as 60–130%. The uranium concentrations in the water of channels that are used for irrigation exceed the maximum allowable contaminant levels by 3.8 times. Future work is needed to evaluate the ecological and human health impacts of these contaminants in irrigation and drinking water.

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Environmental pollution indices: a review on concentration of heavy metals in air, water, and soil near industrialization and urbanisation

Swain

2024

Discov Environ

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Current industrial operations pollute the world’s land, water, and air with heavy metals. Metals’ environmental behaviour and geographical distribution near the industrial production. Heavy metal contamination potential was assessed using geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, and other criteria. Heavy metal concentrations have increased due to industrial waste, geochemical shifts, agriculture, and mining. Modifying cell structure, heavy metals can harm and cause cancer. We need to develop and conduct comprehensive monitoring to determine if industrial production and mining is causing elevated heavy metal levels nearby area in the zone. This review shares contemporary heavy metal contamination on its nature, origin, and extent.

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Assessment of heavy metal pollution using contamination factor, pollution load index, and geoaccumulation index in Kalpani River sediments, Pakistan

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Source and Migration Pathways of Heavy Metals in Soils from an Iron Mine in Baotou City, China

Source and Migration Pathways of Heavy Metals in Soils from an Iron Mine in Baotou City, China

Occurrence of Radionuclides and Hazardous Elements in the Transboundary River Basin Kyrgyzstan–Kazakhstan

Environmental pollution indices: a review on concentration of heavy metals in air, water, and soil near industrialization and urbanisation

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