Assessment of Heavy Metal Fluxes in Groundwater of Semi-Urban and Urban Settings of Nalagarh Tehsil of Solan District, Himachal Pradesh, India

Rout, Chadetrik; Setia, Baldev; Bhattacharya, G. Jacks P.

doi:10.21276/ijee.2017.10.0233

“…Heavy metal contamination in the aquatic system is the major threat and main concern of our rivers. Urbanization leads to degradation of our water resources by adding many harmful heavy metals in it (Aiyesanmi et al, 2004;Amajor, 1986;Gupta et al, 2009;Haritash et al, 2008;Khawaja et al, 2017;Rout et al, 2017;Sharma and Walia, 2016). Both natural and anthropogenic activities are responsible for abundance of heavy metals in the environment (Wilson and Pyatt, 2007;Khan et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Riverine of Baddi, Himachal Pradesh

SETHI¹,

WALIA²,

RANA³

2022

PR

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The management of water resources is one of the essential factors as in the absence of water; lifeon the earth is not possible. The present study highlights the Heavy Metal contamination ofdifferent rivers of Baddi (H.P). The rising unplanned industrialization and their weak governancesystem adding toxic pollutants, therefore the rivers and riverine of Baddi area are degradinggradually. Heavy metals in riverine environment represent an abiding treat to human health. Theseheavy metals are not easily degradable in nature and accumulate in plants, animals and humanbodies leading to toxic effects. This study includes the six heavy metals namely Iron, Copper,Chromium, Lead, Zinc and Cadmium found in range of 0.19-2.3, 0.01-0.15, 0-0.09, 0.01-0.12, 0.01-0.12and 0-0.001 mg/l, respectively. The investigation of heavy metals can be done by using FlameAtomic Absorption Spectrometry (APHA). The overall mean concentration of heavy metals wasobserved in the following order Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pd > Cd. The enhanced concentration ofcertain metals in the riverine ecosystem may be attributed due to anthropogenic contribution fromindustrial activities of the area. So itâs important to design strategies to control mismanagement ofvaluable water resources.

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“…The groundwater quality studies reveals that water is suitable for drinking, agricultural and industrial purposes if certain water quality/computed parameters found within the desired limits. Many studies on quality of ground and surface water sources on [18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37]. Although many studies have been conducted on suitability of groundwater for domestic needs, however, no extensive study has been done on suitability of water for irrigation purposes with respect to residual sodium carbonate (RSC) in Solan district of the hilly state Himachal Pradesh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability Assessment of Groundwater for Irrigation Purpose with Reference to Residual Sodium Carbonate

Rout¹

2018

IJRASET

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To assess the seasonal variation of quality of groundwater of two adjoining towns of the hill state, Himachal Pradesh in the north of India, a study has been carried out. The specific study zone covering an area of about 120 sq. km. was selected near the industrial townships of Nalagarh and Baddi in district Solan. A total of 25 and 40 groundwater samples were collected, from 65 different locations during post-monsoon season of 2011 and pre and post-monsoon seasons of 2012. The overall residual sodium carbonate (RSC) of groundwater was ranged from -7.794 to 1.673 and -7.857 to 1.953 at Nalagarh and Baddi industrial areas respectively. The overall averaged residual sodium carbonate value at Nalagarh and Baddi industrial areas were less than 1.25, hence suitable for agriculture purposes. The findings also suggest that values of residual sodium carbonate of groundwater were far below the recommended standard value. Therefore it is suggested that regular attention should be given to the agricultural authorities, policy and decision makers to both the areas for better agriculture production. However, proper treatment of effluents from urban and industrial areas is highly desirable to maintain the residual sodium carbonate of groundwater in such areas to check further deterioration. Keywords: Groundwater, Residual sodium carbonate, Platykurtic, Nalagarh, Baddi. I. INTRODUCTIONIn general water quality refers to the degree of suitability for a specific purpose and is largely depends on the physico-chemical characteristics/composition of its water [1]. Irrigation water contains certain quantities of dissolved salts originating from different sources i.e. either geogenic or anthropogenic. The suitability of water for irrigation purposes should therefore be assessed on the basis of its ability to create favourable conditions for crop growth or yield. However, the suitability of irrigation water has to be assessed on the basis of specific conditions like different agro-climatic conditions, types of crops (sensitive, semi-tolerant, tolerant), its varieties and cultural practices. There are some attempts have been made to classify/measure the quality of water for irrigation purpose [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Several measurements/guidelines are also developed and used to classify the suitability of water for irrigation, including sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), percent sodium (%Na), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), magnesium hazard (Mg haz.), Kelly's ratio (KR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), base exchange (base exch.), meteoric genesis (met. gen.) etc. Due to differences in climatic as well as topographic conditions in different areas, one can consider the above computed parameters for evaluating irrigation water quality. The concentration of bicarbonate and carbonate influences the suitability of water for irrigation purpose. One of the empirical approach was based on the assumption that calcium and magnesium precipitate as carbonate. Considering the above hypothesis the concept of residual sodium carbonate (RSC) wa...

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“…[1]. Many studies on quality of ground and surface water sources on drinking water standards have been carried out by several researchers [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. Although many studies have been conducted on suitability of groundwater for domestic needs, however, no extensive study has been done on suitability of water for irrigation purposes in Solan district of the hilly state Himachal Pradesh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Purpose with Reference to Percent Sodium

Rout¹

2018

IJRASET

Self Cite

0

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To assess the seasonal variation of quality of groundwater of two adjoining towns of the hill state, Himachal Pradesh in the north of India, a study has been carried out. The specific study zone covering an area of about 120 sq. km. was selected near the industrial townships of Nalagarh and Baddi in district Solan. A total of 25 and 40 groundwater samples were collected, from 65 different locations during post-monsoon season of 2011 and pre and post-monsoon seasons of 2012. The overall percent sodium (%Na) of groundwater was ranged from 5.715-27.869 and 5.064-26.992 at Nalagarh and Baddi industrial areas respectively. The overall averaged percent sodium value at Nalagarh and Baddi industrial areas were less than 100, hence suitable for agriculture purposes. The findings also suggest that most of the values of percent sodium of groundwater were far below the recommended standard values. However, proper treatment of effluents from urban and industrial areas is desirable to maintain the %Na of groundwater of the study areas to check further deterioration.

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Assessment of Heavy Metal Fluxes in Groundwater of Semi-Urban and Urban Settings of Nalagarh Tehsil of Solan District, Himachal Pradesh, India

Abstract: 02-0.068, 0-0.0035, 0.013-0.139, 0.002-0.06, 0.001-0.09, 0.003-0.08, 0.075-0.488, 0,001-0.389

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Investigation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Riverine of Baddi, Himachal Pradesh

Investigation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Riverine of Baddi, Himachal Pradesh

Suitability Assessment of Groundwater for Irrigation Purpose with Reference to Residual Sodium Carbonate

Suitability Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Purpose with Reference to Percent Sodium

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