Assessment of Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato Genotypes

Abstract

The experiment was conducted taking Fifteen genotypes of sweet potato were evaluated in RBD with three replications during kharif season of 2019 & 2020 at in the K.V.K Dhenkanal District ,Odisha. Among the characters studied, different high PCV and GCV were observed for characters like vine length, vine internodal length, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, total leaf area, number of roots per plant, root yield per plant, β-carotene content, starch content, total sugars, reducing sugars, non reducing sugars and total root yield per hectare content indicating high variability available in the germplasm for these characters for further improvement. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for characters vine length, vine internodal length, number of branches per plant, length of leaf lobe, number of leaves per plant, total leaf area, root girth, root yield per plant, β-carotene content, starch content, total sugars, reducing sugars, non reducing sugars and total root yield per hectare indicated that these characters were least influenced by the environmental effects, and these characters were governed by additive genes and selection will be rewarding for improvement of such traits. The total root yield per hectare (t/ha) had significant positive correlation with traits like number of branches per plant, number of roots per plant, root girth, root yield per plant and β-carotene content suggesting the importance of these traits in selection for yield and can be identified as yield attributing characters for the genetic improvement of yield in sweet potato. The total root yield per hectare (t/ha) was result of direct effect of number of branches per plant, number of roots per plant, root length, root yield per plant, starch content and reducing sugars. The high direct effect of these traits appeared to be the main factor for their strong association with total root yield per hectare. Analysis for divergence using D2 statistic revealed highly significant differences for different traits, grouping the 15 genotypes into 6 clusters. Cluster II had the maximum number of genotypes (8) followed by cluster I (7). Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between clusters III and VI while the intra cluster distance was maximum in cluster II and VI. Highest percent contribution to divergence came from β-carotene content, starch content, total sugar, total leaf area, root dry matter content, number of leaves per plant, root yield per plant, petiole length, root girth, vine length and reducing sugar suggested that selection of one or two elite genotypes from divergent (II & VI) and (III & VI) clusters based on the above characters and crossing would result in more heterosis and novel hybrid.

Varietal Evaluation in Sweet Potato Cultivated under Prayagraj Conditions, India

“…The length of tubers varies according to the sweet potato variety. Similar results were found by Kar [8]. Sweet potato genotypes and different environmental conditions have significant impact on the tuber length and tuber diameter.…”

“…The highest numbers of vines were observed in variety Samrat with 17.66 and lowest was found with BHU Krishna 7.33 (Table 2). Similar findings are observed by Kar [8]. The highest internodal length was see in variety Samrat with 4.43 cm and lowest was recorded in Gouri with 3.83 cm (Table 2).…”

“…The highest number of tubers was found in variety Samrat and Sree Bhadra with 4.33 numbers of tubers and lowest with BHU Krishna having1.67 number of tubers (Table 2). The quantity of tubers varies greatly due the genetic diversity in various genotypes similar results were found by Kar, Pavithra [8,10]. The highest tuber length was observed to be 23.8 cm of variety Samrat and lowest tuber length was recorded by 8.82 cm by BHU Krishna.…”

“…The orange flesh colour in sweet potato have rich source of carotene content and known as provitamin A as the dominant carotene content in sweet potato is β-carotene [7]. In India, Odisha has the highest production and cultivation of sweet potato [8].…”

“…Variety Samrat showed more vine length of 147.33 cm followed by Sree Bhadra 127.33 cm the lowest was BHU Krishna with 75.67cm. The variation in the vine length is due to the genetic makeup of the genotypes which in some way have influenced the morphological characters [8]. With significance in the vine length, significant difference in number of leaves was observed.…”