Assessment of groundwater quality from Bankura I and II Blocks, Bankura District, West Bengal, India

Abstract

Hydrochemical evaluation of groundwater has been conducted in Bankura I and II Blocks to analyze and determining groundwater quality in the area. Thirty-six groundwater samples were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties using standard laboratory methods. The constituents have the following ranges in the water: pH 6.4-8. ). Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), total hardness (TH), and permeability index (PI) were calculated as derived parameters, to investigate the ionic toxicity. Concerned chemical parameters when plotted in the U.S. Salinity diagram indicate that waters are of C 1 -S 1 , C 2 -S 1 and C 3 -S 1 types, i.e., low salinity and low sodium which is good for irrigation. The values of Sodium Adsorption Ratio indicate that the groundwater of the area falls under the category of low sodium hazard. So, there is neither salinity nor toxicity problem of irrigation water, and hence the ground water can safely be used for long-term irrigation. The chemical parameters when plotted in Piper's trilinear diagram are found to concentrate in the central and west central part of the diamond-shaped field. Based on the analytical results, groundwater in the area is found to be generally fresh and hard to very hard. ). According to Gibbs diagrams samples fall in the rock dominance field and the chemical quality of groundwater is related to the lithology of the area. The alkaline earth elements (Ca and Mg) occur in greater abundance than alkaline elements (Na and K). A comparative study of our analytical results with the WHO standards of drinking water indicate that the present waters are also good for drinking purposes.

Assessment of groundwater quality in Kashipur Block, Purulia district, West Bengal

“…If the concentration of any parameter is above the prescribed limit (according to WHO and BIS specifications) there can be serious health issues. Several workers have assessed the groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes (Al-Futaisi et al 2007;Jalali 2006;Pritchard et al 2008;Rivers et al 1996;Nag and Lahiri 2012;Nag and Ghosh 2013;Nag 2014;Nag and Das 2017;Tiwari 2011). Aghazadeh and Mogaddam (2010) assessed the groundwater quality and its suitability in the Oshnavieh area, Iran based on physical and chemical parameters.…”

Groundwater quality assessment in Jirania Block, west district of Tripura, India, using hydrogeochemical fingerprints

“…Totally, four factors were extracted with the total variance of 24%, 22%, 19% and 17% (Table 6). Factor 1 is loaded with EC, TDS and HCO 3 − , indicating that the overall chemistry of groundwater is mainly controlled by HCO 3 − ion and also showing the indicative of dominant mineral dissolution to increase the HCO 3 concentration. Factor 2 is loaded with Na + and K + indicating the feldspar mineral weathering from the source rock [62].…”

“…Groundwater is an important source of water supply for domestic, industrial, agricultural and recreational activities in both urban and rural places, and one-third of the world's population is using groundwater for drinking purpose [1][2][3][4]. Less bacteriological contamination and occurrence of diverse health necessity nutrients makes the groundwater more reliable in contrast to surface water.…”

“…The suitability of groundwater is depending upon its steady temperature, natural quality, availability and low susceptibility. The quality of groundwater is also related with various geological and chemical influences that include precipitation, recharge quality, water-rock relation, dissolution, mineralization, ion exchange, etc [3,5].…”

Groundwater quality from a part of Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh, India

“…Ghalib (2017) assessed the factors responsible for groundwater chemistry and evaluated it for drinking and irrigation utilities in East Wasit province, Central Iraq. Nag and Das (2017) explained the groundwater quality from a part of Bankura District, West Bengal, India. Nageswara assessed the geochemical evolution of groundwater in the Western Delta region of River Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India.…”