Assessment of Gonadotropin Concentrations Stimulated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog by Electrochemiluminescence in Girls with Precocious Puberty and Premature Thelarche

Souza, Kamila Botelho Fernandes de; Veiga, Melyna Shayanne Pessôa; Martins, Gabriela Ráina Ferreira; Silva, Adriana Paula da; Fujita, Lívia Grimaldi Abud; Tomé, Janaíne Machado; Palhares, Heloísa Marcelina da Cunha; Borges, Maria de Fátima

doi:10.1159/000521593

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…CPP is caused by the premature initiation of HPGA, and its developmental process is consistent with the normal pubertal development sequence, but the age is advanced. CPP can lead to early epiphyseal healing due to advanced bone age, affecting the ultimate height of children [ 13 ]. PPP is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and increased levels of sex hormones without gonadal development [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of LH Peak Value of the GnRH Stimulation Test for Girls with Precocious Puberty and Its Correlation with Body Mass Index

Zhao

Tang

Cheng

2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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Objective. To analyze the diagnostic value of luteinizing hormone (LH) peak value of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test for girls with precocious puberty and its correlation with body mass index (BMI). Methods. A total of 230 girls with precocious puberty who came to our hospital for testing from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected and divided into a true group ( n = 130 ) and sham group ( n = 100 ) according to the results of the GnRH stimulation test. According to the BMI, the true group was further divided into a normal group (48 cases), overweight group (43 cases), and obese group (39 cases). The GnRH stimulation test was performed on all subjects, and the basal value and peak value of LH and the basal value and peak value of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were recorded. The general data and serological indexes of the true group and the sham group were compared. Indicators of the GnRH stimulation test, breast stage, bone age, BMI, uterine volume, ovarian volume, and serological indicators (leptin, sex hormone-binding protein (SHBG), and adiponectin (APN)) were compared among the normal group, the overweight group, and the obese group. Results. There were no significant differences in age and breast stage between the true group and the sham group ( P > 0.05 ). There were statistically significant differences in bone age, BMI, uterine volume, and ovarian volume between the two groups ( P < 0.05 ). The LH base value, LH peak value, FSH base value, and FSH peak value in the true group were higher than those in the sham group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of LH peak value in diagnosing girls with precocious puberty was 0.973, which was higher than 0.895, 0.875, and 0.912 of LH base value, FSH base value, and FSH peak value, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in LH base value, LH peak value, FSH base value, breast development stage, bone age, BMI, SHBG, leptin, and APN among the normal group, overweight group, and obese group ( P < 0.05 ), but there were no significant differences in FSH peak value, uterine volume, and ovarian volume among the three groups ( P > 0.05 ). There was a negative correlation between BMI, LH peak value, and FSH base value ( P < 0.05 ), but there was no significant correlation between BMI and FSH peak value ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. The LH peak value of the GnRH stimulation test has high diagnostic value for girls with precocious puberty, and BMI is negatively correlated with the LH peak value of CPP children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of LH Peak Value of the GnRH Stimulation Test for Girls with Precocious Puberty and Its Correlation with Body Mass Index

Zhao

Tang

Cheng

2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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Premature Thelarche: An Updated Review

Leung

Lam

Hon

2024

CPR

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Background: Premature thelarche is the most common pubertal disorder in girls. The condition should be differentiated from central precocious puberty which may result in early epiphyseal fusion and reduced adult height, necessitating treatment. Objective: The purpose of this article is to familiarize physicians with the clinical manifestations of premature thelarche and the clinical features and laboratory tests that may help distinguish premature thelarche from central precocious puberty. Methods: A search was conducted in September 2022 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key term " Premature thelarche". The search strategy included all clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews published within the past 10 years. Only papers published in the English literature were included in this review. The information retrieved from the above search was used to compile the present article. Results: Premature thelarche denotes isolated breast development before the age of 8 years in girls who do not manifest other signs of pubertal development. The condition is especially prevalent during the first two years of life. The majority of cases of premature thelarche are idiopathic. The condition may result from an unsuppressed hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the early years of life, an "overactivation" of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in early childhood secondary to altered sensitivity to steroids of the hypothalamic receptors controlling sexual maturation, increased circulating free estradiol, increased sensitivity of breast tissue to estrogens, and exposure to exogenous estrogens. The cardinal feature of premature thelarche is breast development which occurs without additional signs of pubertal development in girls under 8 years of age. The enlargement may involve only one breast, both breasts asymmetrically, or both breasts symmetrically. The breast size may fluctuate cyclically. The enlarged breast tissue may be transiently tender. There should be no significant changes in the nipples or areolae and no pubic or axillary hair. The vulva, labia majora, labia minora, and vagina remain prepubertal. Affected girls have a childlike body habitus and do not have mature contours. They are of average height and weight. Growth and osseous maturation, the onset of puberty and menarche, and the pattern of adolescent sexual development remain normal. Most cases of premature thelarche can be diagnosed on clinical grounds. Laboratory tests are seldom indicated. No single test can reliably differentiate premature thelarche from precocious puberty. Conclusion: Premature thelarche is benign, and no therapy is necessary apart from parental reassurance. As enlargement of breasts may be the first sign of central precocious puberty, a prolonged follow-up period every 3 to 6 months with close monitoring of other pubertal events and linear growth is indicated in all instances.

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Assessment of Gonadotropin Concentrations Stimulated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog by Electrochemiluminescence in Girls with Precocious Puberty and Premature Thelarche

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Diagnostic Value of LH Peak Value of the GnRH Stimulation Test for Girls with Precocious Puberty and Its Correlation with Body Mass Index

Diagnostic Value of LH Peak Value of the GnRH Stimulation Test for Girls with Precocious Puberty and Its Correlation with Body Mass Index

Premature Thelarche: An Updated Review

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