Assessment of Gnaphalium viscosum (Kunth) Valorization Prospects: Sustainable Recovery of Antioxidants by Different Techniques

Abstract

This work investigates the prospects for exploitation of Gnaphalium viscosum (Kunth) abundant but with limited applications till present biomass. The feasibility of traditional techniques (two-phase solvent, and the benchmark Soxhlet extraction) and supercritical extraction without/with a cosolvent at T = 40–60 °C and p = 30–50 MPa was examined to explore the possibility of recovering phytochemicals from G. viscosum leaves, flowers and stems. The efficiency of the techniques was assessed and compared based on yield, influence of solvents used, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the extracts. Phenolics of different complexities were identified and quantified by applying LC (LC–MS/MS, and LC–HRAM), while the fatty acid profile was determined by GC–FID. The results of this extensive study demonstrated the huge valorization potential and prospects of G. viscosum, since highly potent antioxidants such as kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-β-d-glucoside (astragalin), and chlorogenic acid were ascertained in considerable amounts. Furthermore, for the first time, the presence of leontopodic acid, a greatly substituted derivative of glucaric acid, was detected in the species.

The Systematic Assessment of the Membrane-Stabilizing and Antioxidant Activities of Several Kazakhstani Plants in the Asteraceae Family

“…G. luteoalbum , like many other Asteraceae family members, contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and terpenoids, which are known for their antioxidant potential. These compounds can help neutralize harmful free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and protecting cells from damage [ 36 ]. While research on the membrane-stabilizing properties of Gnaphalium species is limited compared to more extensively studied plants, the presence of certain bioactive constituents in G. viscosum may suggest its potential for membrane protection.…”

Anticancer Podophyllotoxin Recovery from Juniper Leaves at Atmospheric and High Pressure Using Eco-Friendly Solvents

“…The SFE experiments were carried out using an SFT-110-XW apparatus (Supercritical Fluid Technologies Inc., Newark, DE, USA), as was described previously [ 32 ]. In brief, 5 g of dry ground J. virginiana leaves were subjected to SFE at 50 °C, a pressure of 300 bar (30 MPa) and a process duration of up to 100 min.…”

Sustainable Transformation of Two Algal Species of Different Genera to High-Value Chemicals and Bioproducts

“…LC MS/MS quantification of polyphenolic compounds used standards enumerated in detail in a previous article [ 32 ].…”

“…For TPC and antioxidant activity analysis, the following chemicals were used: Folin–Ciocalteu reagent 2 N, sodium carbonate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ATBS, ethanol HPLC grade (Panreac, Barcelona, Spain), gallic acid, Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), potassium persulfate and absolute ethanol (Neon, Suzano, SP, Brazil), and quercetin dihydrate (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Steinheim, Germany) [ 32 ].…”

“…The protocol for performing the Soxhlet extractions was reported in detail in our previous work [ 32 ]. In brief, the Soxhlet apparatus used was ISOLAB NS29/32 + 34/35 (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).…”