Assessment of genetic effects and pesticide exposure of farmers in NW Greece

Moshou, H.; Karakitsou, Anastasia; Yfanti, F.; Hela, Dimitra; Vlastos, Dimitris; Paschalidou, Anastasia Κ.; Kassomenos, Pavlos; Petrou, Ilias

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109558

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The median concentration of pesticides quantified in farmers’ blood serums was between 58.27 ng/mL and 210.12 ng/mL. These concentrations were comparable to a study by Moshou et al (2020), which found five pesticide residues (trifluralin, chlorpyriphos methyl, metolachlor, fenthion, and dimethoate) and three metabolites (fenthion sulfone, fenthion sulfoxide, and 4,4′ DDE) in blood serum of Greece farmers; of which their concentration ranged from 0.40 ng/mL to 48.00 ng/mL) [ 40 ]. Leili et al (2022) reported mean concentration of dichlorvos, diazinon, and chlorpyrifos to be 350 ng/mL, 110 ng/mL, and 140 ng/mL, respectively, in the blood serum of greenhouse workers [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Exposure to Airborne Pesticides and Its Residue in Blood Serum of Paddy Farmers in Malaysia

Rudzi

Tan

Jalaludin

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Pesticides manage pests and diseases in agriculture, but they harm the health of agricultural workers. Concentrations of thirteen pesticides were determined in personal air and blood serum of 85 paddy farmers and 85 non-farmers, thereafter associated with health symptoms. Method: Samples were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Results: The median concentration of pesticides in personal air samples ranged from 10.69 to 188.49 ng/m3 for farmers and from 5.79 to 73.66 ng/m3 for non-farmers. The median concentration of pesticides in blood serum was from 58.27 to 210.12 ng/mL for farmers and 47.83 to 62.74 ng/mL for non-farmers. Concentration of eleven pesticides in personal air and twelve pesticides in blood serum were significantly higher in farmers than non-farmers (p < 0.05). All pesticides detected in personal air correlated significantly with concentration in the blood serum of farmers (p < 0.05). Health symptoms reported by farmers were dizziness (49.4%), nausea (47.1%), cough (35.3%), chest pain (30.6%), breathing difficulty (23.5%), sore throat (22.4%), vomiting (18.8%), phlegm (16.5%), and wheezing (15.3%). Concentration of pesticides in personal air, blood serum, and health symptoms were not significantly associated. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to pesticides significantly contaminates blood serum of farmers compared to non-farmers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Exposure to Airborne Pesticides and Its Residue in Blood Serum of Paddy Farmers in Malaysia

Rudzi

Tan

Jalaludin

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Even people who survived a single acute pesticide poisoning (APP) event could have potential psychological and neurological deficits after years (4,5). More and more studies have demonstrated that exposure to hazardous pesticides is strongly associated with growth problems, endocrine disruption, malignancy, nervous system disorders (especially neuropathy and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases), and sterility (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Sequela of Acute Pesticide Poisoning Among Adults in Central Taiwan

Chen

Lin

2021

Front. Neurol.

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Background and Purpose: Cases of acute pesticide poisoning account for significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries; however, its burden in Taiwan remains unknown. The study examined acute pesticide poisoning (APP) involving adults in the central region of Taiwan, which is a mainly agricultural sub-urban area.Methods: The retrospective study evaluated the outcome and neurological sequelae of patients with APP in a Taiwanese cohort between April 2002 and February 2019. The pesticides were classified according to the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee Mode of Action (MoA) classification. The clinical characteristics, duration of hospitalization (days), follow-up duration (years), in-hospital mortality, neurological sequela, and imaging findings were recorded. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.Results: We identified 299 patients with APP comprising 206 (68.9%) adult men with a mean exposure age of 56.4 ± 16.8 years. Paraquat, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carmabates, and phosphinic acid were the most commonly known reported poisoning agents. The mortality rate was highest in users with paraquat (77.1%), followed by phosphinic acid (22.2%), carbamates (16.7%), and organophosphates (15.8%). After a mean follows up of 3.69 ± 2.26 years, the most common neurological sequela was a cognitive decline (56 among 225 survivors, 24.89%), peripheral neuropathy (11 among 225 survivors, 4.89%), tremor (10 among 225 survivors, 4.44%), ataxia (3/225, 1.33%), and parkinsonism feature (2/225, 0.89%). Brain imaging studies revealed basal ganglion lesions on CT or hyperintensity on T2-weighted MRI images in 26 among 46 patients (56.5%). The basal ganglion lesions on brain imaging had a positive correlation with neurological sequelae.Conclusion: Acute pesticide poisoning (APP)-related mortality is high especially paraquat intoxication, and cognitive decline, as well as peripheral neuropathy, were the most common neurological sequelae among survivors, which is highly correlated with basal ganglia lesions on brain imaging.

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“…These facts only prove that in the risk assessment, L-CBMNcyt could be complemented or even replaced with noninvasive method, which would certainly attract more volunteers who are usually afraid of invasive techniques. In other studies, the ratio between MN lymphocytes in exposed and control group ranged from 1.12–15.8 [ 53 ]. Since our control group was from the same region, our 2.88 ratio in both assays, in range as in other studies, demonstrates that there is a genotoxic risk present among agricultural workers even when they are using the protective equipment (87% in our study).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Assessment of Cytogenetic Damage and Cholinesterases’ Activity in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Pesticides in Zamora-Jacona, Michoacan, Mexico

Valencia-Quintana

López-Durán

Milić

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Pesticides have been considered as potential chemical mutagens; however, little is known about toxic and genotoxic effects during pesticide application in Zamora-Jacona, Michoacan State in Mexico. This study sought to determine DNA damage and cholinesterase activities inhibitions in 54 agricultural workers exposed to complex mixtures of pesticides vs. control group (26 individuals) using Comet assay in peripheral whole blood, micronucleus (MN) test in oral mucosa cells, Cytokinesis-blocked MN assay in lymphocytes (L-CBMNcyt) and measuring AChE and BChE activities in whole blood and plasma samples, respectively. Exposed subjects demonstrated significantly elevated levels of primary (Comet assay: tail intensity, tail length, tail moment, Olive tail moment) and permanent DNA damage (MN assay: in blood/buccal cells; frequencies of nuclear buds, binucleated cells, cells with condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, pyknosis, and karyolysis). However, inhibition of cholinesterase activities (AChE and BChE) was not observed in the workers. Confounding factors including sex, age, BMI, working exposure period, protection level, smoking habit (cigarettes per day units), alcohol consumption (weekly), medication, were considered in the analysis. These combined techniques demonstrated usefulness in the health hazards risks pesticide exposure assessment and suggested the need for periodic monitoring together with the education and the training of occupational workers for the safe application of potentially harmful pesticides.

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Assessment of genetic effects and pesticide exposure of farmers in NW Greece

Cited by 20 publications

References 51 publications

Exposure to Airborne Pesticides and Its Residue in Blood Serum of Paddy Farmers in Malaysia

Exposure to Airborne Pesticides and Its Residue in Blood Serum of Paddy Farmers in Malaysia

Neurological Sequela of Acute Pesticide Poisoning Among Adults in Central Taiwan

Assessment of Cytogenetic Damage and Cholinesterases’ Activity in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Pesticides in Zamora-Jacona, Michoacan, Mexico

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