Assessment of genetic diversity and DNA fingerprinting of rare species of the genus Crambe (Brassicaceae)

Abstract

Context Preservation of genetic diversity of species is a pressing issue; in particular, the preservation of the gene pool of many rare and endangered plants is a priority. Species of the genus Crambe (family Brassicaceae) have potential in agriculture and bioremediation. Aims This study aims to assess the genetic diversity and DNA fingerprint of five rare species of the genus Crambe, and to develop the concept of a genetic passport for rare plants. Methods DNA fingerprinting was conducted via the inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) method, using six ISSR primers. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the species was performed. Key results In total, 145 polymorphic loci were detected. The studied species formed two different clusters on genetic dendrogram analysis. The first cluster comprised two species, Crambe steveniana and C. tataria from a single subsection (Tatariae), forming a common clade. They were the most genetically close species with genetic similarity of 0.8431. The remaining three species (C. cordifolia, C. maritima, C. pinnatifida), from another subsection of Crambe, formed nodes from the general clade. Conclusions The findings allow plants to be genetically certified using our methods and informative ISSR primers for rare plants. We were able to propose a genetic formula identifying a species and present an example of a genetic passport for rare plants. The genetic structure of C. pinnatifida was investigated for the first time. Implications The present findings contribute to the systematics and critical investigation of rare plant species with genetic resource potential. A genetic passport could be used in the protection of copyright of agricultural varieties.

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“…An efficient breeding plan can be established for different crops by utilising their variability in yield and related traits. Chokheli et al (2022) estimated the genetic polymorphism of five rare species of the genus Crambe and established a genetic formula to identify these species. Among the five studied species, Crambe steveniana and Crambe tataria were closely related.…”