Assessment of full and subsyndromal PTSD and quality of life of internally displaced older adults in northern Nigeria

Ojeahere, Margaret Isioma; Uwakwe, Richard; Piwuna, Christopher Goson; Audu, Moses David; Goar, SG; Armiya’u, Aishatu Yusha’u; Afolaranmi, Tolulope O

doi:10.1016/j.ahr.2021.100040

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The study quanti es that, the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was 56.28% with (95% CI, 52.2, 60.2) among residents of Woldia town and this nding goes in line with the previous studies conducted following the Mai-kadra massacre, Northwest Ethiopia 59.8% (27), Gede'o zone, Southern Ethiopia 58.4%(26), Northern Nigeria 59% (22), Northern Uganda 57% (19) and Gaza 56.8% (34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…A study among victims of Boko haram terrorism in northeastern Nigeria, more than 63% of the respondents were diagnosed with PTSD (21). cross sectional study using a multistage sampling technique was study in northern Nigeria among 200 older adults, con rms 59% for full PTSD (22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple factors contribute with occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder following exposure to traumatic events, including being female (17,25,28), being divorced/separated or widowed (21,25), depression(26) and anxiety (27), previously diagnosed for common medical disorders(18), having a history of exposure to traumatic events(16, 26) like, destruction of personal property and witness the murder of family members/others (22,26), loss of a loved one (10) and having low social support (25) are prominent and frequently reported factors in association with PTSD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Its Associated Factors Among War-affected Residents in Woldia Town, North East Ethiopia, 2022; Community Based Cross-sectional Study

Kassaye

Demilew

Fanta

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder is marked by increased stress and anxiety following exposure to a traumatic or stressful event. Events of conflict and war-related traumas were commonly reported situations and people who have undergone through have a higher tendency to develop PTSD, so this study aims to assess prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among war-affected residents in Woldia town, North East Ethiopia, 2022. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed by using a multi-stage systematic random sampling technique from May-15 to June-15/2022. A total of 609 participants were enrolled. PTSD was measured by the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Data were entered by Epi data version 4.6.0.2 and analyzed using STATA version 14. Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify associated factors to PTSD and P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of PTSD was 56.28%. Destruction/looting of property (AOR=1.6,95%CI,1.11-2.47), murder/injury of family member (AOR=2.1,95% CI,1.37-3.22), witness of murder of family member/others (AOR=1.6,95% CI,1.01-2.71), unlawful imprisonment (AOR=1.7, 95%CI, 1.06-2.74), depression (AOR=2, 95%CI ,1.37-2.93), anxiety (AOR=3.3, 95%CI,2.26-4.97), experience trauma on themselves (AOR=2.0,95%CI,1.22-3.58), poor (AOR= 3.1,95%CI,1.60-6.04) and moderate (AOR= 3.0, 95%CI, 1.56-5.87) social support were statistically associated with PTSD at a p-value < 0.05. Conclusion: The study reveals that the prevalence of PTSD was high in Woldia town following an armed conflict between Federal Government and Tigray forces. Destruction/looting of property, murder/injury of family, witness murder of family/others, unlawful imprisonment, depression, anxiety, experience on themselves, poor and moderate social support were statistically associated with PTSD. Hence, encourage organization working on Mental health, routine patient assessment with a history of trauma, facilitating means to support affected residents is recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Its Associated Factors Among War-affected Residents in Woldia Town, North East Ethiopia, 2022; Community Based Cross-sectional Study

Kassaye

Demilew

Fanta

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Details of data collection and procedure of the study have been described elsewhere in a previous study. 24 Participants who gave their consent for the study but were not literate enough to append their signatures were required to thumbprint as appropriate. Comprehensive explanation of the study was proffered, respect for their rights were recounted, and confidentiality was assured for the participants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[31][32][33] The Hausa version of the WHOQOL-BREF used in this study has been used previously in studies carried out in northern Nigeria. 24…”

Section: Who Quality Of Life Questionnaire (Whoqol-bref)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Major and sub-threshold depression and quality of life of displaced older persons: Community based cross sectional study in Nigeria

Ojeahere

Ola

Piwuna

et al. 2022

Journal of Global Health Neurology and Psychiatry

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Introduction This study examined major and subthreshold depression, their relationships with sociodemographic/risk factors and quality of life (QOL) of internally displaced older persons in a rural community in north central Nigeria. Methods A community-based, cross-sectional study conducted among 200 older adults in Riyom, Nigeria. The respective modules of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and WHOQOL-BREF were used to conduct face to face interviews to assess major and subthreshold depression and QOL respectively. Data were analysed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed using 95% confidence interval to analyse the significant relationships between depression, socio-demographic/risk factors, and QOL. Probability value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Findings The prevalence of lifetime major and sub-threshold prevalence of depression were 58.5% and 12.5% respectively. The factors significantly associated with increased odds for major depression were average monthly income, history of traumatic event (s) and having a confidant to talk with after the event (s) with (OR=1.839, CI=1.364-2.480, p= 0.001); (OR=9.860, CI=1.025- 94.876, p= 0.048) (OR= 4.570, CI=1.783- 11.718, p= 0.002) respectively while access to health care and having a confidant after the event (s) similar to major depression (OR= 5.105, CI=1.037- 25.133, p= 0.045); (OR= 0.276, CI=0.088- 0.862, p= 0.027) respectively were found significantly associated for sub-threshold depression. Conclusions The prevalence of major and sub-threshold depression among internally displaced older persons in a Nigerian rural community were high and there were significant relationships with sociodemographic factors and QOL. While there is a need for more studies, intervention studies in internally displaced older persons would need to consider low socioeconomic status, social support, and traumatic events with substantial impairment in QOL in addressing the burden of major and sub-threshold depression among these growing populations.

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Effect of trauma on asylum seekers and refugees receiving a WHO psychological intervention: a mediation model

Serra,

Purgato,

Tedeschi

et al. 2024

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Scalable psychological interventions such as the WHO’s Self-Help Plus (SH+) have been developed for clinical and non-clinical populations in need of psychological support. SH+ has been successfully implemented to prevent common mental disorders among asylum seekers and refugees who are growing in number due to increasing levels of forced migration. These populations are often exposed to multiple, severe sources of traumatisation, and evidence of the effect of such events on treatment is insufficient, especially for non-clinical populations. Objective: We aim to study the effect of potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) and the mediating role of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on the improvement following SH+. Method: Participants allocated to SH+ who received at least three sessions ( N = 345) were extracted from two large, randomised, European prevention trials involving asylum seekers and refugees. Measures of distress, depression, functional impairment, and post-traumatic stress symptoms were administered at baseline and 6 months post-intervention, together with measures of well-being and quality of life. Adjusted models were constructed to examine the effect of PTEs on post-intervention improvement. The possible mediating role of PTSD symptoms in this relationship was then tested. Results: Increasing numbers of PTEs decreased the beneficial effect of SH+ for all measures. This relationship was mediated by symptoms of PTSD when analysing measures of well-being and quality of life. However, this did not apply for measures of mental health problems. Conclusions: Exposure to PTEs may largely reduce benefits from SH+. PTSD symptomatology plays a specific, mediating role on psychological well-being and quality of life of participants who experienced PTE. Healthcare professionals and researchers should consider the role of PTEs and PTSD symptoms in the treatment of migrants and refugees and explore possible feasible add-on solutions for cases exposed to multiple PTEs.

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Assessment of full and subsyndromal PTSD and quality of life of internally displaced older adults in northern Nigeria

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Its Associated Factors Among War-affected Residents in Woldia Town, North East Ethiopia, 2022; Community Based Cross-sectional Study

Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Its Associated Factors Among War-affected Residents in Woldia Town, North East Ethiopia, 2022; Community Based Cross-sectional Study

Major and sub-threshold depression and quality of life of displaced older persons: Community based cross sectional study in Nigeria

Effect of trauma on asylum seekers and refugees receiving a WHO psychological intervention: a mediation model

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