Assessment of exposure to inorganic arsenic by determining the arsenic species excreted in urine

Hakala, Erkki; Pyy, Lauri

doi:10.1016/0378-4274(95)03304-1

Cited by 40 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In our study, the level of exposure to i-As, expressed as the total arsenic species in urine, was low and did not correlate with the level of DNA damage in leukocytes. A limitation in this comparison was that urinary arsenic species were dominated by DMA, and that the levels of i-As species, which were unmeasurable in many of our subjects, are reported to be the best indexes of arsenic exposure [Hakala and Pyy, 1995;Apostoli et al, 1999].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

DNA damage in leukocytes of workers occupationally exposed to arsenic in copper smelters

Palus

Lewińska

Dziubałtowska

et al. 2005

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Inorganic arsenic (i-As) is a known human carcinogen; however, humans continue to be exposed to i-As in drinking water and in certain occupational settings. In this study, we used the Comet assay to evaluate DNA damage in the somatic cells of workers from three Polish copper smelters who were occupationally exposed to i-As. Blood samples were collected from 72 male workers and 83 unexposed male controls and used for the detection of DNA damage, oxidative DNA damage, and DNA damage after a 3-hr incubation in culture. Urine samples were collected to assess the level of exposure. The mean concentration of arsenic metabolites in urine [the sum of arsenite (AsIII), arsenate (AsV), monomethylarsenate (MMA) and dimethylarsenate (DMA)] and the concentrations of DMA (the main metabolite in urine) were higher in workers than in controls, but the differences were not statistically significant. By contrast, the level of DNA damage, expressed as the median tail moment, was significantly higher in the leukocytes of workers than in the controls. Comet assays conducted with formamidopyrimidine glycosylase (FPG) digestion to detect oxidative DNA damage indicated that oxidative lesions were present in leukocytes from both the exposed and control groups, but the levels of damage were significantly higher among the workers. Incubation of the cells in culture resulted in a significant reduction in the levels of DNA damage, especially among leukocytes from the workers, suggesting that the DNA damage was subject to repair. Our findings indicate that copper smelter workers have increased levels of DNA damage in somatic cells, suggesting a potential health risk for the workers. Although i-As was present in air samples from the smelters and in urine samples from workers, no clear association could be made between i-As exposure and the DNA damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

DNA damage in leukocytes of workers occupationally exposed to arsenic in copper smelters

Palus

Lewińska

Dziubałtowska

et al. 2005

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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“…As inorg was found in a median concentration of 1.8 µg/L, which is much lower than in populations exposed to high As concentrations in drinking water (Calderon et al 1999;Kurttio et al 1998). In an occupational setting, DMA was found to be poorly correlated with As exposure in comparison with AS inorg (Hakala and Pyy 1995). For different metabolic loads such as lower environmental exposures and higher occupational exposures, the kinetics of the stepwise enzymatic methylation may be of importance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Association between arsenic exposure from a coal-burning power plant and urinary arsenic concentrations in Prievidza District, Slovakia.

Ranft

Miskovic

Pesch

et al. 2003

Environ Health Perspect

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To assess the arsenic exposure of a population living in the vicinity of a coal-burning power plant with high arsenic emission in the Prievidza District, Slovakia, 548 spot urine samples were speciated for inorganic As (As inorg ), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and their sum (As sum ). The urine samples were collected from the population of a case-control study on nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). A total of 411 samples with complete As speciations and sufficient urine quality and without fish consumption were used for statistical analysis. Although current environmental As exposure and urinary As concentrations were low (median As in soil within 5 km distance to the power plant, 41 µg/g; median urinary As sum , 5.8 µg/L), there was a significant but weak association between As in soil and urinary As sum (r = 0.21, p < 0.01). We performed a multivariate regression analysis to calculate adjusted regression coefficients for environmental As exposure and other determinants of urinary As. Persons living in the vicinity of the plant had 27% higher As sum values (p < 0.01), based on elevated concentrations of the methylated species. A 32% increase of MMA occurred among subjects who consumed homegrown food (p < 0.001). NMSC cases had significantly higher levels of As sum , DMA, and As inorg . The methylation index As inorg /(MMA + DMA) was about 20% lower among cases (p < 0.05) and in men (p < 0.05) compared with controls and females, respectively.

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“…In the study by Enterline et al (8) conducted at the Tacoma copper smelter, departments were identified within the plant for which both mean area air arsenic data (pg/m3) and geometric mean urinary total (17) in spite of speciation of urinary metabolites. Recent reports indicate that some types of seafood (e.g., mussels) may contain DMA, which can interfere with specific attribution of urinary arsenic species to airborne exposure to inorganic arsenic (17,(37)(38)(39).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent reports indicate that some types of seafood (e.g., mussels) may contain DMA, which can interfere with specific attribution of urinary arsenic species to airborne exposure to inorganic arsenic (17,(37)(38)(39). In this present study of exposure to arsenic in coal fly ash, a dietary seafood source of arsenic is highly unlikely ( y' = Articles * Airborne arsenic exposure in a coal-fired power lant ably be concluded that urinary DMA concentrations observed in this study arose as a result of exposure to arsenic in the work setting as opposed to dietary sources.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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98/01582 Airborne arsenic and urinary excretion of arsenic metabolites during boiler cleaning operations in a Slovak coal-fired power plant

1998

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

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Assessment of exposure to inorganic arsenic by determining the arsenic species excreted in urine

Cited by 40 publications

References 19 publications

DNA damage in leukocytes of workers occupationally exposed to arsenic in copper smelters

DNA damage in leukocytes of workers occupationally exposed to arsenic in copper smelters

Association between arsenic exposure from a coal-burning power plant and urinary arsenic concentrations in Prievidza District, Slovakia.

98/01582 Airborne arsenic and urinary excretion of arsenic metabolites during boiler cleaning operations in a Slovak coal-fired power plant

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