Assessment of exposure to airborne aerosol and bio-aerosol particles and their deposition in the respiratory tract of subway metro passengers and workers

Passi, Amit; Nagendra, S.M. Shiva; Maiya, M.P.

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2021.101218

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Considering examples such as livestock farms and subway construction environments, Staphylococcus aureus has been identified as an occupational pathogen in chicken [65] and pig [66] farms; Passi et al [67] observed that subway workers are particularly prone to accumulating over 40% of aerosol particles in their lungs. In summary, microbial contaminants in indoor air mainly originate from human activities, pets, indoor plants, and building environmental features.…”

Section: Sources Of Bioaerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating the Aerosolized Frontier: A Comprehensive Review of Bioaerosol Research Post-COVID-19

Zhang,

Dai,

Gebrezgiabhier

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the scientific community has been galvanized to unravel the enigmatic role of bioaerosols in the transmission of infectious agents. This literature review, anchored in the extensive Web of Science Core Collection database covering the period from 1990 to 2023, utilizes a bibliometric approach to chart the dynamic landscape of bioaerosol research. It meticulously documents the paradigm shifts and burgeoning areas of inquiry that have emerged in the aftermath of the pandemic. This review meticulously maps out the sources and detection strategies of pathogens in a variety of ecosystems. It clearly shows that impaction and filtration sampling methods, followed by colony counting and PCR-based detection techniques, were predominantly used in the scientific works within the previous three decades. It synthesizes the progress and limitations inherent in a range of models for predicting aerosol-mediated pathogen spread and provides a comparative analysis of eDNA technology and traditional analytical techniques for bioaerosols. The accuracy of these detection methods and forecasting models is paramount for the early recognition of transmission risks, which, in turn, paves the way for prompt and effective disease mitigation strategies. By providing a thorough analysis of the historical progression and current state of bioaerosol research, this review illuminates the path ahead, identifying the critical research needs that will drive the field’s advancement in the years to come.

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Section: Sources Of Bioaerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating the Aerosolized Frontier: A Comprehensive Review of Bioaerosol Research Post-COVID-19

Zhang,

Dai,

Gebrezgiabhier

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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“…Hsu et al (2020) expended nine months exploring the air pollutants of the Taiwan subway [15]. Passi et al (2021) even devoted nearly three years [14]. The field test can certainly provide accurate physicochemical data on the subway [33], but the approach is not comprehensive enough to assess the microenvironmental risks of the subway.…”

Section: Research On Subway Microenvironmental Health Risk Using Stan...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, tools like air velocity meters and portable CO2 analyzers were used to assess environmental quality in Nanjing's subway system [13]. However, field tests are time-consuming and inefficient [14,15], often taking months or years to complete [16]. They also lack comprehensive scenarios [17,18], rarely covering extreme risk levels simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Systems Integrating BIM and VR for Urban Subway Microenvironmental Health Risks Management

Chen,

Li,

et al. 2024

Buildings

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With the rapid development and construction of urban subways, various risks associated with human health and wellbeing within subway microenvironments have seriously increased. However, only a few intelligent systems have been validated as suitable for facilitating the management of subway environments. Field tests can be time-consuming and inefficient, and questionnaires often lack true intuitiveness for participants. Therefore, to enhance subway environment management, this study proposed intelligent systems that integrate building information modeling (BIM) and virtual reality (VR) for managing health risks in urban subway microenvironments. The systems were developed using Revit 2021, Navisworks 2020, Unity 2019, MYSQL 8.0, and Visual Studio 2019. Additionally, they were applied in scenarios for environmental assessment and passenger coping capability enhancement, differentiated into an expert visual-based health risk assessment system and a gamified simulation system for passenger risk prevention. The feasibility of the approach was validated with the case of Xinzhuang subway station of Line 3 in Nanjing, China. The findings revealed that the assessment system enabled experts to have a better and straight understanding of subway microenvironmental health risks and the gamification simulation system significantly enhanced the passengers’ coping capacity. The integration of BIM and VR, with its design features such as visibility, optimization, and simulation, compensated for BIM’s lack of providing an immersive experience for systems. The intelligent systems introduced in this study present novel models for environmental assessment and passenger training, catering to both subway operators and researchers. The innovative systems serve as a cornerstone in guaranteeing the health and safety of public transportation operations.

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“…Prolonged exposure and the inhalation of high concentrations of airborne fine particles lead to direct deposition in the lower respiratory system bronchi and alveoli sacs, while coarse particles are deposited in the upper respiratory system, airways region and lower respiratory tract's trachea and bronchi [14]. Coronavirus-laden fine and coarse particulate matter, known as "pathogenic", may decrease the respiratory system immunity through intra-host induced mutagenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 genome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage between Airborne Particulate Matter and Viral Pandemic COVID-19 in Bucharest

Zoran,

Savastru,

Savastru

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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The long-distance spreading and transport of airborne particulate matter (PM) of biogenic or chemical compounds, which are thought to be possible carriers of SARS-CoV-2 virions, can have a negative impact on the incidence and severity of COVID-19 viral disease. Considering the total Aerosol Optical Depth at 550 nm (AOD) as an atmospheric aerosol loading variable, inhalable fine PM with a diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) or coarse PM with a diameter ≤10 µm (PM10) during 26 February 2020–31 March 2022, and COVID-19’s five waves in Romania, the current study investigates the impact of outdoor PM on the COVID-19 pandemic in Bucharest city. Through descriptive statistics analysis applied to average daily time series in situ and satellite data of PM2.5, PM10, and climate parameters, this study found decreased trends of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations of 24.58% and 18.9%, respectively compared to the pre-pandemic period (2015–2019). Exposure to high levels of PM2.5 and PM10 particles was positively correlated with COVID-19 incidence and mortality. The derived average PM2.5/PM10 ratios during the entire pandemic period are relatively low (<0.44), indicating a dominance of coarse traffic-related particles’ fraction. Significant reductions of the averaged AOD levels over Bucharest were recorded during the first and third waves of COVID-19 pandemic and their associated lockdowns (~28.2% and ~16.4%, respectively) compared to pre-pandemic period (2015–2019) average AOD levels. The findings of this research are important for decision-makers implementing COVID-19 safety controls and health measures during viral infections.

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Assessment of exposure to airborne aerosol and bio-aerosol particles and their deposition in the respiratory tract of subway metro passengers and workers

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Navigating the Aerosolized Frontier: A Comprehensive Review of Bioaerosol Research Post-COVID-19

Navigating the Aerosolized Frontier: A Comprehensive Review of Bioaerosol Research Post-COVID-19

Intelligent Systems Integrating BIM and VR for Urban Subway Microenvironmental Health Risks Management

Linkage between Airborne Particulate Matter and Viral Pandemic COVID-19 in Bucharest

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