Assessment of exposed elements in a changing built environment by using an integrated model of debris flow initiation and runout (Kalimpong region, Himalaya)

Bera, Somnath; Melo, Raquel; Guru, Balamurugan

doi:10.1007/s10064-021-02352-w

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…First, a fire that occurs near a farm in the hinterlands could cause excessive smoke that shuts down roadways and disrupts the transport of food to the city (OECD 2020, Wetterberg et al 2021). Later, the land scarred by the initial fire might experience heavy precipitation, causing PFDF that runs into the farm itself and destroys crops, thus reducing the amount of food available to a nearby city (Bera et al 2021, Petrova 2022. While the final impact is the same-food supply to a city is disrupted-the pathways and timelines of impact stemming from the initial fire play out very differently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flooding can cause oversaturated soils, drowning and destroying crops (Derbile andKasei 2012, Calzadilla et al 2013). PFDF has been shown to damage farmland or farm facilities by depositing rocks or sediment which can bury crops and damage buildings or equipment (Bera et al 2021, Petrova 2022. Any decrease in or destruction of hinterland crop yields can reduce the quality or quantity of food sent to urban centers, which is especially problematic since cities today are heavily reliant on outsourcing food.…”

Section: Food Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross-boundary risks of hinterland hazards to city infrastructure

Joines,

Horgan,

et al. 2024

Environ. Res.: Infrastruct. Sustain.

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Extreme weather-related events are showing how infrastructure disruptions in hinterlands can affect cities. This paper explores the risks to city infrastructure services including transportation, electricity, communication, fuel supply, water distribution, stormwater drainage, and food supply from hinterland hazards of fire, precipitation, post-fire debris flow (PFDF), smoke, and flooding. There is a large and growing body of research that describes the vulnerabilities of infrastructures to climate hazards, yet this work has not systematically acknowledged the relationships and cross-governance challenges of protecting cities from remote disruptions. An evidence base is developed through a structured literature review that identifies city infrastructure vulnerabilities to hinterland hazards. Findings highlight diverse pathways from the initial hazard to the final impact on an infrastructure, demonstrating that impacts to hinterland infrastructure assets from hazards can cascade to city infrastructure. Beyond the value of describing the impact of hinterland hazards on urban infrastructure, the identified pathways can assist in informing cross-governance mitigation strategies. It may be the case that to protect cities, local governments invest in mitigating hazards in their hinterlands and supply chains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Food Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-boundary risks of hinterland hazards to city infrastructure

Joines,

Horgan,

et al. 2024

Environ. Res.: Infrastruct. Sustain.

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“…Flow-R software, which was developed at the University of Lausanne [42], was used to empirically examine shallow landslide runout scenarios in this study. This software offers researchers the opportunity to try a variety of landslide runout simulations [39,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][60][61][62][63] to obtain runout distances by considering different parameter configurations. Table 1 provides a summary of previous Flow-R studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Shallow Landslide Runout Distance in Eocene Flysch Facies Using Empirical–Statistical Models (Western Black Sea Region of Türkiye)

Komu,

Nefeslioglu,

Gokceoglu

2024

IJGI

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Uncertainties related to runout distances in shallow landslide analyses may not only affect lives but may also result in economic losses. Owing to the increase in shallow landslides, which are especially triggered by heavy rainfall, runout distances have been investigated to decipher whether applications of a functional runout distance are feasible. This paper aims to give insights into the modeling of the shallow landslide runout probability in Eocene flysch facies in the Western Black Sea region of Türkiye. There are two main stages in this study—which are dominated by empirical models, the detection of initiation points, and propagation—which help us to understand and visualize the possible runout distances in the study area. Shallow landslide initiation point determination using machine learning has a critical role in the ordered tasks in this study. Modified Holmgren and simplified friction-limited model (SFLM) parameters were applied to provide a good approximation of runout distances during the propagation stage using Flow-R software. The empirical model parameters suggested for debris flows and shallow landslides were investigated comparatively. The runout distance models had approximately the same performance depending on the debris flow and shallow landslide parameters. While the impacted total runout areas for the debris flow parameters were predicted to amount to approximately 146 km2, the impacted total runout areas for the shallow landslide parameters were estimated to be about 101 km2. Considering the inclusion of the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 precipitation scenarios in the analyses, this also shows that the shallow landslide and debris flow runout distance impact areas will decrease. The investigation of runout distance analyses and the inclusion of the RCP scenarios in the runout analyses are highly intriguing for landslide researchers.

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