Assessment of Energy Requirement for the Retinal Arterial Network in Normal and Hypertensive Subjects

Liu, D.; Wood, Nigel B.; Witt, Nicholas; Hughes, Alun D.; Thom, Simon; Xu, X. Yun

doi:10.1115/1.4005529

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…The parameters, , and , of the goal function are obtained from the literature. Liu et al ( 2012 ) estimate W/m for human blood, giving kW/m . With a Newtonian fluid assumption, the dynamic viscosity of human blood at 40 % hematocrit is mPa s (Boron and Boulpaep 2008 ), giving Js/m .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of Murray’s law including nonlinear mechanics of a composite artery wall

Lindström

Satha

Klarbring

2014

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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A goal function approach is used to derive an extension of Murray’s law that includes effects of nonlinear mechanics of the artery wall. The artery is modeled as a thin-walled tube composed of different species of nonlinear elastic materials that deform together. These materials grow and remodel in a process that is governed by a target state defined by a homeostatic radius and a homeostatic material composition. Following Murray’s original idea, this target state is defined by a principle of minimum work. We take this work to include that of pumping and maintaining blood, as well as maintaining the materials of the artery wall. The minimization is performed under a constraint imposed by mechanical equilibrium. We derive a condition for the existence of a cost-optimal homeostatic state. We also conduct parametric studies using this novel theoretical frame to investigate how the cost-optimal radius and composition of the artery wall depend on flow rate, blood pressure, and elastin content

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of Murray’s law including nonlinear mechanics of a composite artery wall

Lindström

Satha

Klarbring

2014

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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A multiscale framework for defining homeostasis in distal vascular trees: applications to the pulmonary circulation

Gharahi

Filonova

Mullagura

et al. 2023

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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Microfluidic analysis of pressure drop and flow behavior in hypertensive micro vessels

et al. 2015

Biomed Microdevices

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The retinal arterial network is the only source of the highly nutrient-consumptive retina, thus any insult on the arteries can impair the retinal oxygen and nutrient supply and affect its normal function. The aim of this work is to study the influences of vascular structure variation on the flow and pressure characteristics via microfluidic devices. Two sets of micro-channel were designed to mimic the stenosed microvessels and dichotomous branching structure in the retinal arteries. Three working fluids including red blood cell (RBC) suspension were employed to investigate the pressure drop in the stenosed channel. The flow behaviors of RBC suspensions inside the micro channels were observed using high speed camera system. Pressure drop of different working fluids and RBC velocity profiles in the stenosed channel were obtained. Moreover, hematocrit levels of RBC suspensions inside the bifurcated channels were analyzed from the sequential images of RBC flow. The results of the flow in the stenosed channel show that RBCs drift from the center of the channels, and RBC velocity is influenced not only by the inlet flow rate but also the interaction between RBCs. The measured pressure drops in the stenosed channel increase notably with the increase of fluid viscosity. Furthermore, the dimensionless pressure drop due to the stenosis decreases with Reynolds number. On the other hand, the results of flow through the bifurcated channels show that as the ratio of the daughter-branch width to the mother-channel width increases, the ratio of hematocrit in two connected branches (Ht/Hd) decreases, which is in favorable agreement with the available analysis results.

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Assessment of Energy Requirement for the Retinal Arterial Network in Normal and Hypertensive Subjects

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Extension of Murray’s law including nonlinear mechanics of a composite artery wall

Extension of Murray’s law including nonlinear mechanics of a composite artery wall

A multiscale framework for defining homeostasis in distal vascular trees: applications to the pulmonary circulation

Microfluidic analysis of pressure drop and flow behavior in hypertensive micro vessels

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