Assessment of endothelin and copeptin as biomarkers for vasovagal syncope

Abstract

Circulating plasma endothelin-1 and copeptin levels are not significantly different among populations of controls, syncope patients and seizure patients.

Cardiovascular biomarkers and echocardiographic findings at rest and during graded hypovolemic stress in women with recurrent vasovagal syncope

“…To minimize this confounder, all participants ingested 1 L of water the night before the experiments. We found no link between copeptin and number of or frequency of syncopal events, in correspondence with recent work . Lastly, we present novel correlations between copeptin level and size of both the RV and the LA, reflecting its close bond with central blood volume, indicating a “reserve preload capacity” in controls.…”

“…Biomarkers have predominantly been used as a diagnostic tool to identify syncope subject, 8,13 or to distinguish between syncope subgroups, 7,9,10,12 while a minority of studies have tried to explore the relationship between biomarkers and pathophysiological aspects of VVS. 7,10,11 The various biomarkers were predominately measured only at rest and presented results have been partially inconsistent.…”

“…The role of vasoactive biomarkers in syncope has received growing attention in recent years, with most studied biomarkers being nonactive peptide fragments of provasopressin (copeptin), proendothelin‐1, proatrial natriuretic peptide, and proadrenomedullin . Catecholamines were often measured concurrently with other biomarkers.…”

Neurohormones in the Pathophysiology of Vasovagal Syncope in Adults

“…In summary, Fitzpatrick et al ( 10), Jardine et al ( 14) and Torabi et al (22) observed moderately increased AVP values early in HUT in VVS prone patients suggesting a potential marker of susceptibility, but others did not detect baseline differences (28,29,31). Nonetheless, all confirmed that AVP increased abruptly in close proximity to the faint itself.…”

“…However, at the time of syncope, AVP was 20-fold higher than baseline (28). On the other hand, Rash et al (29) did not observe any evident baseline AVP differences among 3 groups of patients (VVS, epilepsy and controls) but they did not provide measures during or in proximity to syncope events. Finally, Nilsson et al (30) found AVP to be higher in patients who fainted spontaneously during HUT compared to those who fainted after nitroglycerine stimulation.…”