Assessment of Different Atherogenic Indices as Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Spanish Adolescents

Abstract

Background: Inconsistent results due to age, ethnic, and geographic differences have been found on the predictive capacity of atherogenic indices in previous studies. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of 6 atherogenic indices for MetS in a Spanish adolescent population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 981 adolescents (13.2 ± 1.2y) that were randomly recruited from schools in Southeastern Spain. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated to identify the presence of MetS. The following atherogenic indices were calculated: triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-c), LDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio (LDL-c/HDL-c), and total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL-c). Results: The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curves was used for discrimination purposes. AIP was the atherogenic index most strongly associated with MetS with an unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of 37.98 in boys and of 28.75 in girls. A high OR was maintained after adjustment by different factors. AUC values for all atherogenic indices were above 0.83 and 0.88 in boys and in girls, respectively. Conclusions: Among the 6 atherogenic indices studied, AIP was the one most strongly associated with MetS in Spanish adolescents. The AUC values obtained from ROC analyses suggest that all atherogenic indices have the ability to predict MetS. These atherogenic indices are interesting and useful predictive indicators for MetS. However, more studies are needed to explore in-depth this predictive capacity.

Triglyceride-Glucose Index Cutoff Point Is an Accurate Marker for Predicting the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Caucasian Subjects

“…Finally, the age of the evaluated population is another important factor. For example, TyG showed the highest AUC values to predict MS in adolescent boys and in girls this value was lower [36].…”

Higher atherogenic risk in schoolchildren is associated with MTMR9 rs2293855 gene polymorphism and genetic score

“…However, several strengths need to be highlighted. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the association between the MTMR9 rs2293855 polymorphisms, the genetic risk score, lipid markers and non‐traditional atherogenic indices which, according to the literature, have a higher predictive value for cardiovascular risk (Fernández‐Aparicio et al., 2022).…”

“…However, it is necessary to evaluate atherogenic indices, such as the LDL/HDL and TC/HDL ratios, plasma atherogenic index (PAI), atherogenic coefficient (AC) and the lipoprotein combined index (LCI). These indices have a greater predictive capacity for cardiovascular risk than the isolated traditional markers (Fernández‐Aparicio et al., 2022). The atherogenic risk assessment allows the identification of individuals at risk for the development of atherosclerosis, that is, the accumulation of lipids in the vessel walls, with the consequent development of an inflammatory process (Lawler et al., 2020).…”

Is the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) a Cardiovascular Disease Marker?

“…More research is required to fully understand this forecasting ability. 37 The best diagnostic cutoff values for CAD and SS >23 were 2.035 and 2.23, respectively. Using AIP as a biomarker may help avoid CAD in Chinese patients.…”