Assessment of diabetes-related distress among type 2 diabetic patients, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of diabetes-related distress (DRD) among Type 2 diabetics in the diabetic center of King Salman Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This was an observational descriptive study conducted between December 2019 and January 2020 among T2DM patients followed up at the diabetic clinics of the Diabetic Center of King Salman Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We used the 17-items Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS17) to measure DRD. Results: A total of 399 T2DM patients were included in the study, 58.4% were males. High distress was seen in 40 patients. Multivariate analysis showed that longer duration of diabetes (>15 years), female gender, longer intervals in-between visits (>6 months), and experience of episodes of severe hypoglycemia as the most significant factors related to higher levels of distress. The patients who were diabetics longer than 15 years had an increased risk for high distress by 3.6 times, infrequent clinic visits (longer than 6 months) increased the risk for high distress by 5.3 times×, and patients who experienced severe hypoglycemia had an increased risk for high distress by 5.8 times. Conclusion: This study showed a high (35.6%) prevalence of moderate to severe DRD. Long-standing diabetes, a longer interval of a clinic visit, and severe hypoglycemia increase the risk for DRD by 3.6, 5.3, and 5.8 folds. Health care providers should focus on reducing DRD and devise ways to increase self-care practices and coping skills.

Diabetes-related distress and its associated factors among people with type 2 diabetes in Southeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

“…This finding was relatively high in comparison with previous studies conducted in China (42.15%),14 India(19.6%),4 Saudi Arabia (35.6%),9 Ghana (44.7%)12 and Oromia region, Southwest Ethiopia (36.8%) 1. This discrepancy might be due to variations in the type of tool used to measure the level of DRD, sociocultural variation, lower level of education, poor quality of diabetes care service, a lack of DRD screening services and other forms of stressors.…”

“…Additionally, it might be due to differences in sample size. The study was conducted in Ghana,12 China,14 Saudi Arabia,9 India(19.6%)4 and the Oromia region1 was a small sample size, whereas in our study relatively large.…”

“…DRD is a prevalent psychological comorbid condition among patients with T2DM 5 8. Recent studies demonstrated that 60.5 %2 and 35.6%9 of people with T2DM experience DRD. In Ethiopia, the few available studies indicated that 44.4%10 and 36.8 %1 of people with type 2 DM experience DRD.…”

Antiobesity and antidiabetes effects of Cyperus rotundus rhizomes presenting protein tyrosine phosphatase, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, metabolic enzymes, stress oxidant and inflammation inhibitory potential

“…In a cross-sectional study conducted in 2011 with 9149 participants [ 14 ]. found that the prevalence T2D in Saudi Arabia was 31.6% [ [15] , [16] , [17] ]. T2D, also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (NIDDM), accounts for approximately 90% of all diabetes cases.…”

“…If effective measures for prevention and management are not put in place, the increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes will have significant adverse effects on the overall health and longevity of the global population. One approach to treating and preventing obesity and T2D involves several methods, including inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), which play crucial roles in obesity and Type 2 diabetes [ [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] ]. PTP1B is a key factor in insulin resistance and is one of the most promising targets for treating type 2 diabetes.…”