Assessment of Depression in Children and Adolescents by Self-Report Questionnaires

Reynolds, William M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1510-8_11

Cited by 75 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Items are assigned a numerical value from 0 (symptom absent) to 2 (symptom present and severe), and higher scores indicate higher levels of depression. The CDI has sound psychometric properties, including internal consistency (Reynolds 1994), test-retest reliability, and discriminant validity (Kovacs 1992). Additionally, convergent and discriminant validity have been established that indicate measurement equivalence in White and Black children (Cole et al 1998).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Adolescents

McLaughlin

Hilt

Nolen–Hoeksema

2007

J Abnorm Child Psychol

324

182

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The prevalence of most adult psychiatric disorders varies across racial/ethnic groups and has important implications for prevention and intervention efforts. Research on racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing symptoms and disorders in adolescents has been less consistent or generally lacking. The current study examined the prevalence of these symptom groups in a large sample of sixth, seventh, and eighth graders in which the three major racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. (White, Black, and Hispanic/Latino) were well-represented. Hispanic females reported experiencing higher levels of depression, anxiety, and reputational aggression than other groups. Black males reported the highest levels of overtly aggressive behavior and also reported higher levels of physiologic anxiety and disordered eating than males from other racial/ethnic groups. Hispanic females also exhibited higher levels of comorbidity than other racial/ethnic groups. KeywordsRacial/ethnic differences; Adolescence; Anxiety; Depression; Eating pathology; Aggression Racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of symptoms of depression (Blazer et al. 1994;Kessler et al. 1994), anxiety (Brown et al. 1990), and eating disorders (Striegel-Moore et al. 2003) have been documented in a number of studies utilizing adult samples. There has been substantially less work examining racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of psychopathology in adolescents. Large epidemiologic studies of adolescent psychopathology have typically not focused on racial/ethnic group differences in symptoms or have not included substantial numbers of ethnic minorities. For example, in the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project (Lewinsohn et al. 1993) over 90% of participants were White. Similarly, in the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study the vast majority of participants were White (e.g., McGee et al. 1990). Understanding racial/ethnic differences in psychopathology is important for the identification of at-risk groups and targets for prevention efforts, improvement of mental health services, and as a first step in understanding the mechanisms by which risk factors confer vulnerability to psychopathology differentially on various segments of the population.The research that has been conducted examining race/ethnicity differences in adolescent psychopathology has yielded inconsistent findings about differences in the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and aggression. Some studies document significant group differences (e.g., Roberts and Chen 1995;Austin and Chorpita 2004) while others have reported no differences in symptoms across groups (e.g., Cole et al. 1998).Correspondence to: Katie A. McLaughlin, katie.mclaughlin@yale.edu. Another explanation for disparate findings in studies comparing rates of symptoms in different racial/ethnic groups involves the inclusion of children and adolescents from different age groups (e.g., Kistner et al. 2003;Ollendick et al. 1996). The prevalence of inte...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Adolescents

McLaughlin

Hilt

Nolen–Hoeksema

2007

J Abnorm Child Psychol

324

182

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“…The BDI was initially developed for use with adults and has well-established psychometric properties (Beck, Steer, & Garbin, 1988). Several studies have shown it to have acceptable internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity with adolescents (see Reynolds, 1994, for a review). In the present study, minor modifications were made to the original BDI, in accordance with other research studies that have used the BDI with adolescent samples (Bennett et al, 1997;Carter & Dacey, 1996;Reynolds, 1994).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing adolescent depression: An evaluation of the Problem Solving For Life program.

Spence¹,

Sheffield²,

Donovan³

2003

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

239

215

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This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Problem Solving For Life program as a universal approach to the prevention of adolescent depression. Short-term results indicated that participants with initially elevated depressions scores (high risk) who received the intervention showed a significantly greater decrease in depressive symptoms and increase in life problem-solving scores from pre-to postintervention compared with a high-risk control group. Low-risk participants who received the intervention reported a small but significant decrease in depression scores over the intervention period, whereas the low-risk controls reported an increase in depression scores. The low-risk group reported a significantly greater increase in problem-solving scores over the intervention period compared with low-risk controls. These results were not maintained, however, at 12-month follow-up.

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“…it covers depressive symptoms according to the DSM IV [3] and the items are scored quantitatively reflecting growing severity of symptoms). Previous research has shown that the CDI is adequately reliable and valid with respect to depressive symptoms [9,14,25,31,33,44,47,49,56]. In general populations the CDI mean score and standard deviation is around 9 ± 7, and its internal consistency evaluated with Cronbach's alpha ranges from 0.71 to 0.87 [8,32,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for children’s depression symptoms in Greece: the use of the Children’s Depression Inventory in a nation-wide school-based sample

Giannakopoulos

Kazantzi

Dimitrakaki

et al. 2009

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Assessment of Depression in Children and Adolescents by Self-Report Questionnaires

Cited by 75 publications

References 138 publications

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Adolescents

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Adolescents

Preventing adolescent depression: An evaluation of the Problem Solving For Life program.

Screening for children’s depression symptoms in Greece: the use of the Children’s Depression Inventory in a nation-wide school-based sample

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