Assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of stem bark extracts from Canarium odontophyllum Miq. (dabai) against HCT 116 human colorectal cancer cell line

Abstract

Background Canarium odontophyllum Miq. is a plant species widely known as ‘dabai’ and can be vastly found in Sarawak. The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of extracts from stem bark of C. odontophyllum against HCT 116 human colorectal cancer cell line.MethodThe IC50 values of the aqueous, methanol, and acetone extracts against HCT 116 cells as well as the acetone extract against human colon fibroblast cell line CCD-18co were determined using the MTT assay. The concentration of the extracts ranged from 12.5 to 200 μg/ml at treatment time of 24, 48 and 72 h. Annexin V-FITC/PI labelling assay was employed to determine mode of HCT 116 cell death induced by acetone extract at 48 h. The DNA damage induced by the extract in HCT 116 cells was detected using alkaline comet assay at 30 min of IC10 and IC25 treatment.ResultsAcetone extract exhibited the highest cytotoxic effect against HCT 116 cells compared to methanol and aqueous extract at 24, 48 and 72 h. Despite no cytotoxic effect by acetone extract against CCD-18co cells at 24 and 48 h, however at 72 h, CCD-18co cells proliferated. Apoptosis assessment using Annexin V-FITC/PI labelling assay revealed that the primary cell death was via apoptosis after 48 h treatment. Low doses of acetone extract from stem bark of C. odontophyllum showed significant DNA damage in HCT 116 cells with tail moment of 6.187 ± 0.718 A.U and 7.877 ± 0.142 A.U, respectively.ConclusionsAcetone extract from stem bark of C. odontophyllum has high potential in the development of anticancer agent against HCT 116 cells with no cytotoxic effect against human colon fibroblast cells.

An In Vitro Estimation of the Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Root Extract from Leonurus sibiricus L. Overexpressing AtPAP1 against Different Cancer Cell Lines

“…Our previous study showed that TR and AtPAP1 extracts induce apoptosis via DNA damage and downregulation of selected epigenetic factors in glioma cells [ 17 ]. Basri et al revealed that low doses of acetone extract from stem bark of C. odontophyllum containing polyphenols showed significant DNA damage in HCT 116 cells [ 41 ]. Similarly Arı et al note that phenolic extract from Pelargonium quercetorum exerted genotoxic activity at relatively low doses in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) [ 42 ].…”

Mangrove derived Streptomyces sp. MUM265 as a potential source of antioxidant and anticolon-cancer agents

“…CCD-18Co cells were included to evaluate the toxicity of the extract against normal cells, which served as a measure of the selectivity of the extract against cancer cells vs normal cells, a key and highly desirable quality in any chemotherapeutic agent. CCD-18Co is a human fibroblast cell line isolated from normal colon tissue and has been widely used as normal control in cancer studies [52–54].…”

Different Polarity Extracts of Polygonum minus towards Cytotoxic Activities against Colon Cancer Cell Lines (HT-29, HCT-116, CT-26)

“…Based on Elzbieta et al [29], this may be the result of the synergistic or antagonistic effects of some compounds, including the phenolic and flavonoids in the extract. An exogenous antioxidant contained in the extract can lead to both good and bad reactions in a redox reaction [30]. In addition, some studies have shown that external antioxidants have produce controversial results, especially at high or low concentrations.…”