Assessment of current reservoir sedimentation rate and storage capacity loss: An Italian overview

Patro, Epari Ritesh; Michele, Carlo De; Granata, Gianluca; Biagini, C

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115826

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…An annual storage capacity loss of 0.26% is assumed on the basis of 352 reservoirs in Europe (Verstraeten et al, 2006). Much higher values were measured for reservoirs in Italy (Patro et al, 2022), which is in accordance with a high regional variability in sediment yield in Europe (Vanmaercke et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

115 years of sediment deposition in a reservoir in Central Europe: Topographic change detection

Stauch,

Dörwald,

Esch

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Reservoirs have become an important component in the worldwide river sediment flux. Reservoirs prevent downstream sediment transport and have become a major sediment sink. In this study, sediment deposition during the last 115 years in the Urft Reservoir in western Germany is reconstructed. The Urft Reservoir is the oldest reservoir in the Eifel Mountains and was almost completely drained in 2020. This enabled a detailed mapping of the lake bottom using an unmanned aerial system and the computation of a high‐resolution digital surface model. Topographic maps with a nominal resolution of 1:1000 from the time prior to the construction of the dam (around 1900) were used to construct a pre‐reservoir elevation model. A digital elevation model of difference (DoD) was calculated from these two datasets for the reservoir floor (0.72 km2). Based on the DoD, a net sediment accumulation of 1.16 × 106 m3 was calculated alongside a propagated volume error of 6.91 × 105 m3, resulting in a mean accumulation of 1.54 m. Conservative vertical error propagation results in an average level of detection (LoD) of 1.8 m. In contrast, the comparison of the DoD with 47 cores in the upper part of the reservoir showed a mean difference of −0.11 m, indicating a high, independently assessed accuracy of the DoD. Three depositional hotspots were identified in the reservoir. One is close to the Urft dam where very fine sediments are draped across the pre‐reservoir topography. Two areas are related to reservoir management. Sediment deposition in the Urft Reservoir has been comparably low in comparison to other regions globally, resulting in a 3.25% ± 1.93% loss of reservoir volume between 1905 and 2020. To analyse the effect of strong flooding events, a subset of the reservoir was analysed after an extreme event in July 2021, but accumulation did almost entirely not exceed the LoD.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

115 years of sediment deposition in a reservoir in Central Europe: Topographic change detection

Stauch,

Dörwald,

Esch

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Especially high sediment transport could occur when the water discharge intensity and variability exceed the water discharge that has historically resulted from snow and glacier melt (Lane & Nienow, 2019; Schmidt et al., 2022). These events could evacuate large amounts of sediment at high concentrations (e.g., Cook et al., 2018), negatively impacting the hydropower operations in the catchment (Felix et al., 2016a; Patro et al., 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controls on Sediment Transport From a Glacierized Catchment in the Swiss Alps Established Through Inverse Modeling of Geomorphic Processes

Delaney,

Werder,

Felix

et al. 2024

Water Resources Research

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As climate warms, hydrology and geomorphology in glacierized catchments are evolving, changing sediment export from these catchments, thus impacting downstream ecosystems and communities. Currently, much uncertainty persists regarding interactions among geomorphic processes that evacuate sediment from glacierized catchments. Here, we present a catchment‐scale numerical model of subglacial and proglacial sediment transport with debris meltout processes. We apply the model in a Monte Carlo framework to suspended sediment data collected over 2014–2020 from the Fieschertal catchment in the Swiss Alps, assessing possible combinations of geomorphic processes responsible for suspended sediment discharge. The ensemble of model outputs quantifies the interaction of different geomorphic processes, including the trade‐off between bedrock erosion and sediment previously stored in the catchment. Model runs suggest that, at some periods, up to 20% of the sediment leaving the glacier is deposited in the proglacial area relative to the catchment's total sediment discharge. This shows that the model captures the proglacial area change from sediment source to sediment sink in different hydrological and glaciological conditions. Furthermore, the findings highlight the impact of glacier retreat on the catchment's sediment dynamics, which both reduces the proglacial area's slope and introduces additional sediment to the proglacial area through debris meltout. The model outputs and the parameters quantify the interaction among geomorphic processes, yielding key insights into the drivers of sediment transport in alpine regions. The implications of these interactions are discussed in the context of interpreting processes responsible for controlling erosion rates from glacierized regions and modeling sediment transport in glacierized catchments.

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“…The findings showed that across the micro-watersheds, soil loss rates varied significantly by land use/land cover types, with a higher proportion occurring on cropland due to its area coverage and sources of higher rates of erosion in terms of severity. The larger share comes from crop land regions as the severity of soil erosion increases through (0-5) low, (5-10) moderate, (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) high, (20-30) very high, (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) severe, and >40 t/ha/year-extremely severe; nevertheless, the severity proportion is variable among the micro-watersheds. The conclusion suggests that implementing the intended BMP scenarios for croplands could result in positive outcomes to lessen soil losses from the watershed.…”

Section: Model Performance Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The annual reservoir siltation rate in Africa is approximately 1% [25], but in Shumburit, Ethiopia, the rate is 1.25% [26], and the loss rate is more than 3% [27,28]. Such high rates of sediment deposition limit reservoir capacity, lower water quality [29,30], shorten dam life [31], raise management costs, and decrease dam productivity, necessitating the installation of water and land conservation measures. However, accurate estimation of watershed scale spatiotemporal sediment yield and soil loss is critical before the implementation of conservational mitigation measures [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Best Management Practices on Runoff, Soil Loss, and Sediment Yield in the Megech Watershed, Ethiopia

Admas

Melesse

Abate

et al. 2023

Water

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This study evaluated the best management practices on how to manage soil losses from catchment and reduce sediment load into a dam reservoir. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of runoff, soil loss, and sediment yield with best management practice (BMP) scenarios in the GeoWEPP environment for the selected three micro-watersheds (hot spot areas) in the Megech watershed, upper Blue Nile Basin. The impacts of four agricultural BMP scenarios, including forest five years old, corn, soybean; wheat, alfalfa (4 yr) no till; corn, soybean, wheat, alfalfa (4 yr) conservation till; and winter wheat mulch till, on soil loss, runoff, and sediment yield were quantified. The results revealed that soil loss ranges between 41.45–66.11 t/ha/year and sediment yield rates ranges between 36.5–54.8 t/ha/year with the baseline situation (conventional tillage condition) were found to be higher than the tolerable soil loss (10 t/ha/year) in the region. Implementing BMPs on the crop land of the micro-watersheds has positive impacts on all variables’ runoff, soil loss, and sediment yield reductions. Among the implemented BMPs, forests with a five-year perennial (agroforestry) option showed the highest rate of reduction for all runoff, soil loss, and sediment yield, but no cost benefit analysis was included in this study to choose among the BMPs. This study also identified that agricultural BMPs play a great role in reducing runoff, soil loss, and sediment yield in the Megech watershed to minimize on- and off-site impacts. In general, it is important to consider how cost benefit analysis will change throughout project’s implementation among the selected BMP scenarios at the watershed level in the future.

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Assessment of current reservoir sedimentation rate and storage capacity loss: An Italian overview

Cited by 24 publications

References 76 publications

115 years of sediment deposition in a reservoir in Central Europe: Topographic change detection

115 years of sediment deposition in a reservoir in Central Europe: Topographic change detection

Controls on Sediment Transport From a Glacierized Catchment in the Swiss Alps Established Through Inverse Modeling of Geomorphic Processes

Impacts of Best Management Practices on Runoff, Soil Loss, and Sediment Yield in the Megech Watershed, Ethiopia

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