Assessment of crustal structures by gravity and magnetic methods in the Calabar Flank and adjoining areas of Southeastern Nigeria—a case study

Ekwok, Stephen E.; Akpan, Anthony E.; Ebong, Ebong D.

doi:10.1007/s12517-021-06696-1

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Modern geoscience investigations in the Nigerian inland basins are centred on gravity, seismic, magnetic, paleoclimatography, geochemistry, aerial photography, source rocks and rock facies evaluations that have been studied by several researchers [11,26]. At the reconnaissance stage, the basement framework, depositional centres [27], and depth solutions [11,28] can be discerned from high resolution airborne magnetic data. Several researchers [11,[23][24][25][26][27][29][30][31][32][33] have investigated the thickness of sediments in the Cretaceous inland basins of Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the reconnaissance stage, the basement framework, depositional centres [27], and depth solutions [11,28] can be discerned from high resolution airborne magnetic data. Several researchers [11,[23][24][25][26][27][29][30][31][32][33] have investigated the thickness of sediments in the Cretaceous inland basins of Nigeria. In their separate studies, several depth solutions (1.5-12 km) were estimated involving different depth to basement procedures [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The object of this study which involves the assessment of sediment thicknesses, mapping of basin topography, and delineation of the spatial spread of magnetic sources were resolved using these magnetic datasets. These data can further be employed in the demarcation of regional surficial geologic boundaries [26], mineral assessment programs [11], mapping of hydrothermally modified rocks [27,[34][35][36][37], edges of sources [38], geothermal potentiality [39], and geologic structures such as faults, fractures, dykes, sills, etc. [27,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data can further be employed in the demarcation of regional surficial geologic boundaries [26], mineral assessment programs [11], mapping of hydrothermally modified rocks [27,[34][35][36][37], edges of sources [38], geothermal potentiality [39], and geologic structures such as faults, fractures, dykes, sills, etc. [27,40]. Furthermore, it can be applied in hydrocarbon exploration [27], archaeological investigations, and unexploded ordnance (UXO) detection [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[27,40]. Furthermore, it can be applied in hydrocarbon exploration [27], archaeological investigations, and unexploded ordnance (UXO) detection [41]. Recently, the readily available high-speed and robust computer programs have made the processes of magnetic data correction, enhancement, modelling, and interpretation easier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depth Estimation of Sedimentary Sections and Basement Rocks in the Bornu Basin, Northeast Nigeria Using High-Resolution Airborne Magnetic Data

et al. 2022

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This study involves the use of high-resolution airborne magnetic data to evaluate the thicknesses of sedimentary series in the Bornu Basin, Northeast Nigeria, using three depth approximation techniques (source parameter imaging, standard Euler deconvolution, and 2D GM-SYS forward modelling methods). Three evenly spaced profiles were drawn in the N-S direction on the total magnetic intensity map perpendicular to the regional magnetic structures. These profiles were used to generate three 2-D models. The magnetic signatures were visually assessed to determine the thickness of depo-centres and the position of intrusions. The thicknesses of sedimentary series based on source parameter imaging results are approximately ranged 286 to 615 m, 695 to 1038 m, and 1145 to 5885 m for thin, intermediate, and thick sedimentation, respectively. Similarly, the standard Euler deconvolution result shows thin (130 to 917 m), intermediate (1044 to 1572 m), and thick (1725 to 5974 m) sedimentation. The magnetic model of Profile 1, characterized by two major breaks, shows that the igneous intrusions and basement rocks are covered by sediments with thickness varying from 300 to <3500 m, while Profile 2 has a maximum estimated depth value of about 5000 m at the southern part. Furthermore, the Profile 3 model shows sediment thicknesses of 2500 and 4500 m in the northern and southern flanks of the profile, respectively. The maximum sediment thickness value from the various depth estimation methods used in this study correlate relatively well with each other. Furthermore, the anomalous depth zone revealed by the 2D forward models coincides with the locality of the thick sedimentation revealed by the source parameter imaging and standard Euler-deconvolution (St-ED) methods. The maximum depth values obtained from the various depth estimation methods used in this study correlated strongly with each other. The widespread occurrence of short-wavelength anomalies in the southern part of the study area as indicated by the jagged nature of the magnetic signature was validated by the analytic signal and upward-continuation results. Generally, it was observed that the southern part of the research area is characterized by thick sedimentation and igneous intrusions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Depth Estimation of Sedimentary Sections and Basement Rocks in the Bornu Basin, Northeast Nigeria Using High-Resolution Airborne Magnetic Data

et al. 2022

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Implications of tectonic anomalies from potential field data in some parts of Southeast Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Tectonic structures controlling mineralization in some parts of Southeast Nigeria were evaluated using airborne potential field data. High and low frequency filters and depth determination tools were adopted to evaluate short and long wavelength anomalies, resolve the spatial spreading of igneous intrusions, depths to geologic sources and basin topography. The high frequency results exhibited high concentration of short wavelength anomalies in the Obudu Plateau and Ikom-Mamfe Rift. The underlying main tectonics of the area elucidated by the low frequency results caused the widespread occurrences of short wavelength geologic structures that are revealed by the high frequency maps. The study area is characterized by comparatively thin (~13.0 to <3000 m) sedimentation. The observed thin thickness is as a result of the massive Precambrian basement outcrops in some locations in the Obudu Plateau and the proliferation of igneous intrusions within this part of the Lower Benue Trough. The 2-D models showed the undulating nature of the underlying basin topography, the location of intrusions, domal structures and related normal faults. The locations and neighbourhood of intrusions and/or short wavelength structures are viable sites for lead-zinc-barite, brine and metallogenic minerals.

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Geophysical characterization of groundwater aquifers in the Western Debrecen area, Hungary: insights from gravity, magnetotelluric, and electrical resistivity tomography

Mohammed,

Szabó,

Alao

et al. 2024

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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The recent study followed a multi-methodological approach integrating gravity, magnetotelluric (MT), and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to investigate the geometry and hydrological characteristics of the main hydrostratigraphical units in the Western Debrecen area, Eastern Hungary. The integration of these methods aims to delineate potential zones for groundwater development and guide effective extraction strategies. In the gravity investigation, the Bouguer anomaly map undergoes spectral analysis for the separation of shallow and deep features, offering a preliminary indication of basement rock depth. Subsequently, gravity data inversion is employed to map variations in basement rock topography, revealing a basin structure, with sediment thicknesses extending up to 2 km. On the other hand, the MT data are modeled using the 1D Occam inversion algorithm to validate the results of the gravity data analysis. This inversion, constrained with lithological logs is further utilized to delineate the main hydrostratigraphical units in the study area. Accordingly, four units are identified, including the Nagyalföld Aquifer, Algyő and Endrődi Aquitards, the Badenian Aquifer, and the Pre-Neogene Aquitard. Consequently, Dar Zarrouk parameters based transmissivity and the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer units are measured. The Nagyalföld aquifer showed a hydraulic conductivity that ranged between 7.9 and 11.9 m/day, while the Badenian aquifer showed an average hydraulic conductivity of 13.1 m/day. The ERT data are employed to map the spatial distribution of the depth to the water table. The shallow water table is observed in regions characterized by an elevated thickness of sedimentary rocks, attributed to their high specific capacity. Integrating these hydrogeophysical methods provided a comprehensive understanding of the subsurface hydrology and enabled better-informed decision-making for groundwater development.

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Assessment of crustal structures by gravity and magnetic methods in the Calabar Flank and adjoining areas of Southeastern Nigeria—a case study

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Depth Estimation of Sedimentary Sections and Basement Rocks in the Bornu Basin, Northeast Nigeria Using High-Resolution Airborne Magnetic Data

Depth Estimation of Sedimentary Sections and Basement Rocks in the Bornu Basin, Northeast Nigeria Using High-Resolution Airborne Magnetic Data

Implications of tectonic anomalies from potential field data in some parts of Southeast Nigeria

Geophysical characterization of groundwater aquifers in the Western Debrecen area, Hungary: insights from gravity, magnetotelluric, and electrical resistivity tomography

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