Assessment of corrected flow time in carotid artery via point-of-care ultrasonography: Reference values and the influential factors

Hossein‐Nejad, Hooman; Banaie, Mohsen; Davarani, Seyedhossein Seyedhosseini; Mohammadinejad, Payam

doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.03.009

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Notably, 7 ms was the optimal diagnostic cut-off identified by our group in patients with undifferentiated shock [ 1 ]. As well, our threshold is similar to the average absolute change in Ftc Wodey following PLR in 142 healthy subjects [ 7 ]. Given that a 2% difference may be challenging to detect at the bedside, we performed an exploratory analysis to quantify variability in Ftc values at resting baseline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Diagnostic characteristics of 11 formulae for calculating corrected flow time as measured by a wearable Doppler patch

Kenny

MacKenzie

Eibl

et al. 2020

ICMx

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Background Change of the corrected flow time (Ftc) is a surrogate for tracking stroke volume (SV) in the intensive care unit. Multiple Ftc equations have been proposed; many have not had their diagnostic characteristics for detecting SV change reported. Further, little is known about the inherent Ftc variability induced by the respiratory cycle. Materials and methods Using a wearable Doppler ultrasound patch, we studied the clinical performance of 11 Ftc equations to detect a 10% change in SV measured by non-invasive pulse contour analysis; 26 healthy volunteers performed a standardized cardiac preload modifying maneuver. Results One hundred changes in cardiac preload and 3890 carotid beats were analyzed. Most of the 11 Ftc equations studied had similar diagnostic attributes. Wodeys’ and Chambers’ formulae had identical results; a 2% change in Ftc detected a 10% change in SV with a sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 93%, respectively. Similarly, a 3% change in Ftc calculated by Bazett’s formula displayed a sensitivity and specificity of 91% and 93%. FtcWodey had 100% concordance and an R2 of 0.75 with change in SV; these values were 99%, 0.76 and 98%, 0.71 for FtcChambers and FtcBazetts, respectively. As an exploratory analysis, we studied 3335 carotid beats for the dispersion of Ftc during quiet breathing using the equations of Wodey and Bazett. The coefficient of variation of Ftc during quiet breathing for these formulae were 0.06 and 0.07, respectively. Conclusions Most of the 11 different equations used to calculate carotid artery Ftc from a wearable Doppler ultrasound patch had similar thresholds and abilities to detect SV change in healthy volunteers. Variation in Ftc induced by the respiratory cycle is important; measuring a clinically significant change in Ftc with statistical confidence requires a large sample of beats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Diagnostic characteristics of 11 formulae for calculating corrected flow time as measured by a wearable Doppler patch

Kenny

MacKenzie

Eibl

et al. 2020

ICMx

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“…Pare et al [27] concluded that corrected flow time accurately predicted decrease in preload after the administration of nitroglycerin. In addition, Hossein-Nejad et al [28] noted that corrected flow time can be determined via electrocardiogram when assessing a patient's volume status. Corrected fl ow time measurements were comparable between Doppler evaluation and electrocardiogram.…”

Section: Assessment Of Corrected Fl Ow Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corrected fl ow time measurements were comparable between Doppler evaluation and electrocardiogram. [28,29] Measurements related to the common carotid artery (diameter, systolic fl ow time)…”

Section: Assessment Of Corrected Fl Ow Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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The utility of point-of-care ultrasound in the assessment of volume status in acute and critically ill patients

Pourmand¹,

Pyle²,

Yamane³

et al. 2019

World Journal of Emergency Medicine

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BACKGROUND: Volume resuscitation has only been demonstrated to be effective in approximately fifty percent of patients. The remaining patients do not respond to volume resuscitation and may even develop adverse outcomes (such as acute pulmonary edema necessitating endotracheal intubation). We believe that point-of-care ultrasound is an excellent modality by which to adequately predict which patients may benefi t from volume resuscitation. DATA RESOURCES: We performed a search using PubMed, Scopus, and MEDLINE. The following search terms were used: fluid responsiveness, ultrasound, non-invasive, hemodynamic, fluid challenge, and passive leg raise. Preference was given to clinical trials and review articles that were most relevant to the topic of assessing a patient's cardiovascular ability to respond to intravenous fl uid administration using ultrasound. RESULTS: Point-of-care ultrasound can be easily employed to measure the diameter and collapsibility of various large vessels including the inferior vena cava, common carotid artery, subclavian vein, internal jugular vein, and femoral vein. Such parameters are closely related to dynamic measures of fluid responsiveness and can be used by providers to help guide fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound in combination with passive leg raise is a non-invasive, costand time-effective modality that can be employed to assess volume status and response to fluid resuscitation. Traditionally sonographic studies have focused on the evaluation of large veins such as the inferior vena cava, and internal jugular vein. A number of recently published studies also demonstrate the usefulness of evaluating large arteries to predict volume status.

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“…Physiologically, with steady inotropy and fixed outflow surface area, the change in the relative duration of systole should correlate with the stroke volume change [ 8 ]. Unlike mean arterial blood pressure or heart rate, ccFT may be influenced even by small changes in left ventricle preload, as indicated by significant differences between pre- and post-passive leg-raise maneuver as shown in a study with normal volunteers [ 11 ]. Practically, the change in flow time (Ventricular Ejection Time, VET) has been used as in algorithms of noninvasive cardiac output monitors (NICOM, Cheetah medical, Newton Center, MA) [ 12 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to correct the flow of corrected flow time

Chiem

2017

Crit Ultrasound J

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Recently published study of Ma et al. evaluates two relatively novel measures of fluid responsiveness, carotid blood flow and corrected carotid flow time (ccFT). Both measures have been recently quoted as possibly useful, technically simple, and noninvasive dynamic tools in predicting fluid responsiveness. Recently, more research interest has been focused on ccFT and, intrigued by the data presented in this study, we discuss here the impact of the data presented in the paper of Ma et al. to the significance of this metric as a potential tool in the assessment of fluid responsiveness.

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Assessment of corrected flow time in carotid artery via point-of-care ultrasonography: Reference values and the influential factors

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Diagnostic characteristics of 11 formulae for calculating corrected flow time as measured by a wearable Doppler patch

Diagnostic characteristics of 11 formulae for calculating corrected flow time as measured by a wearable Doppler patch

The utility of point-of-care ultrasound in the assessment of volume status in acute and critically ill patients

Time to correct the flow of corrected flow time

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