Assessment of Compliance to Animal Source Foods Quality and Safety Standards in Uganda. A Case of Kampala and Mbarara Districts

Abstract

Animal source foods (ASFs) can be sources of illness when poorly handled both at the farms and during processing. Efforts have been undertaken by government to promote good food standards, quality and safety but have not paid off due to limited holistic involvement of all ASFs value chain actors like the farmers, transporters, traders, and the consumers. An assessment was conducted in Kampala and Mbarara districts to determine the level of compliance to existing food control standards.The findings are to help inform policies to adapt, promote and implement standards and quality of ASF products free or with minimal contamination, services to promote local industries and protect consumers as well as facilitate access to international markets. This assessment was carried out in Kampala and Mbarara district with major objective of mapping various institutions involved in designing and implementing food control standards with the core mandate lying with Uganda National Bureau of Standards and assessing of compliance to food control standards along the ASFs value chain.The studies were conducted in Kampala, Uganda’s capital and Mbarara, the second biggest city in the country. These districts constitute the major market hub of agricultural products due to their high consumer population. The ASFs value chain assessments were conducted through workshops using focus group discussions with stakeholders in the meat, milk, poultry and fish value chains.A number of organisations along the food chain were involved in designing and implementing of food safety standards and regulations, as well as regulatory norms for setting and controlling of quality standards for animal source foods in Uganda. These included; farmers, transporters, processors, academia, researchers, trade organisations, government institutions, private organisations, international bodies and consumers’ organisations.Majority of the outlet operators had both operating certificates and health certificates, however the remaining proportion that was noncompliant is still significant considering that they still distribute ASFs products. The study also observed that most of the measures required to ensure safety of ASFs are not followed along the food chain such as; poor transportation of animals and their products and use of antibiotics in animal feeds. It was also observed that product quality and cost of the product greatly contribute to the consumers’ demand and confidence for a particular animal source product.