Assessment of compatibility between historic mortars and lime-METAKAOLIN restoration mortars made from amazon industrial waste

Loureiro, Alexandre Máximo Silva; Paz, Simone Patrícia Aranha da; Veiga, Rosário; Angélica, Rômulo Simões

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2020.105843

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Comparing the dynamic modulus of elasticity obtained in the present study with the results obtained by previous studies, it is possible to see that Andrejkovičová et al [20], for mortars with 20% Mk, obtained very similar results compared to those present in Figure 3. Based on Loureiro et al [21], the contents of hydraulic products of the air lime-Mk mortars with 20% Mk in comparison to the CL mortars justify the increase of the DME by the improvement of the cohesion and bonding between the particles. However, this increase was not observed in mortars with 10% substitution (Figure 3), which suggests that a higher Mk content is necessary for the hydration products to compensate for the lime replacement.…”

Section: Dynamic Modulus Of Elasticitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Loureiro et al [21], analyzing the consistency of air lime mortars with the addition of 0%, 25% and 50% of Mk (Table 1), obtained a higher consistency by using a different method, returning results not comparable. Pavlík & Užáková [27] also obtained values of around 150 mm for 1:1 (binder:sand, in vol.)…”

Section: Characteristics Of Fresh Mortarsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous research has shown some studies focusing on air lime-Mk mortars. In Table 1, a synthesis of some studies can be observed regarding air lime mortars, with substitutions of lime by Mk of up to 50%, with different volumetric proportions of the binder:aggregate and even with different curing cycles [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Type of Curing and Metakaolin Replacement on Air Lime Mortars for the Durability of Masonries

2021

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The interest in restoration and maintenance of old masonries towards their durability is nowadays combined with the concept of sustainability and the need to implement more suitable materials for building heritage interventions. This has led to the importance of having a better knowledge of air lime mortars, namely on the effect of pozzolanic additions, curing conditions and evolution at early stages. This study consisted in the characterization of mortars based on hydrated air lime and sand, with 1:2 (lime:sand) volumetric composition, with different weight percentages of substitution of lime by metakaolin (Mk): 0%, 10% and 20%. Mortar prisms were analyzed in three different curing environments: maritime (by the Atlantic Ocean), in laboratory humidity (95 ± 5% relative humidity, RH) and standard (65 ± 5% RH) conditioning. Tests were conducted to evaluate fresh and hardened properties of mortars, considering physical, chemical and mechanical performance at 28, 90 and 180 days. Results showed the viability of applying air lime-Mk mortars with curing conditions similar to the tested ones. In the standard curing, the mortar with 20% Mk revealed advantages in mechanical parameters. Concerning the behaviour towards water, improvements were shown at an early stage with the humid curing, while maritime curing benefited its behaviour for at least up to 6 months.

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Section: Dynamic Modulus Of Elasticitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Characteristics Of Fresh Mortarsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Type of Curing and Metakaolin Replacement on Air Lime Mortars for the Durability of Masonries

2021

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“…Plastering and rendering mortars have been an important part of cultural heritage for thousands of years, providing a specific design that is typical for different eras, providing support for wall paintings and stuccoes, as well as protection of covered structures. The most common binders in historical renders and plasters were usually (aerial) lime-based; the presence of lime has been detected in plaster samples from different periods [1][2][3][4], occasionally in combination with gypsum [5] or pozzolanic materials [6][7][8]. Research into the hydraulicity of binders commenced at the end of the eighteenth century, and since then, binders such as natural hydraulic lime and Portland cement analogues have also been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the end of the nineteenth century, cement has become the most widely used binding material for mortars [9]. However, lime-based mortars are still a prevailing material in the field of historic preservation due to their compatibility with historical lime-based structures [3,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeolite Lightweight Repair Renders: Effect of Binder Type on Properties and Salt Crystallization Resistance

et al. 2021

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Rendering mortars with lightweight zeolite aggregates were designed and tested. The effect of the type of binder used was also researched. For the hardened mortars, macrostructural parameters, mechanical characteristics, hygric and thermal properties were assessed. Specific attention was paid to the analysis of the salt crystallization resistance of the developed rendering mortars. Quartz sand was fully replaced in the composition of mortars with zeolite gave materials with low density, high porosity, sufficient mechanical strength, high water vapor permeability and high water absorption coefficient, which are technical parameters required for repair rendering mortars as prescribed in the WTA directive 2-9-04/D and EN 998-1. Moreover, the zeolite enhanced mortars exhibit good thermal insulation performance and high sorption capacity. The examined rendering mortars were found to be well durable against salt crystallization, which supports their applicability in salt-laden masonry. Based on the compatibility of the repair materials with those originally used, the lime and natural hydraulic lime zeolite mortars can be used as rendering mortars for the repair of historical and heritage buildings. The cement-lime zeolite render is applicable for repair purposes only in the case of the renewal of masonry in which Portland cement-based materials were originally used.

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Study of the Pozzolanic Reactivity of Amazonian Metakaolin for Use as a Supplementary Cementitious Material

Mendes

Lima

Ribas³

et al. 2023

RILEM Bookseries

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Assessment of compatibility between historic mortars and lime-METAKAOLIN restoration mortars made from amazon industrial waste

Cited by 33 publications

References 53 publications

Effect of Type of Curing and Metakaolin Replacement on Air Lime Mortars for the Durability of Masonries

Effect of Type of Curing and Metakaolin Replacement on Air Lime Mortars for the Durability of Masonries

Zeolite Lightweight Repair Renders: Effect of Binder Type on Properties and Salt Crystallization Resistance

Study of the Pozzolanic Reactivity of Amazonian Metakaolin for Use as a Supplementary Cementitious Material

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