Assessment of Committed Effective Dose due to consumption of Red Sea coral reef fishes collected from the local market (Sudan)

Sediments in the Tema Harbour (Ghana): chemical pollution and sedimentation rates

“…Thus, sediments participate in the fate of chemical pollutants in aquatic systems Ruiz-Fernandez et al 2009;Prato et al, 2011;, acting as an important source of exposure of chemical pollutants to benthic organisms via direct contact or ingestion Mulligan et al, 2001;Burgess et al, 2007;Gómez-Gutiérrez et al, 2007;. Metals (Rainbow, 2007;Gaion et al, 2014), POPs Islam and Tanaka, 2004;) and radionuclides (Hassona et al, 2008;Sirelkhatim et al, 2008) can subsequently accumulate in the tissues of benthic invertebrates and other organisms in the marine food web.…”

“…The fate of metals (Kelderman and Osman, 2007;Di Palma and Mecozzi, 2007;, radionuclides (Sirelkhatim et al, 2008;Sugandhi et al, 2014) and organic pollutants (Lin et al, 2009) is influenced by environmental factors such as the pH and redox state. Other factors include microbiological processes (Ryding, 1985) and the presence of Fe/Mn oxides and hydroxides or organic matter Wang et al, 2001;Islam and Tanaka, 2004;.…”

“…These pollutants are of wide interest due to their potential toxicity and adverse biological effects such as cancer, mutations and reproductive anomalies (Willett et al, 1998;Wang et al, 2001;Little, 2003;Islam and Tanaka, 2004;King et al, 2004;De Luca et al, 2004;CasadoMartinez et al, 2006;Schmid and Schrader, 2007;Hassona et al, 2008;Sirelkhatim et al, 2008;Ravanat et al, 2014).…”

“…Radionuclides of interest include 238 U, 210 Pb Cs (Hassona et al, 2008;Sirelkhatim et al, 2008;Ulanovsky et al, 2008), while banned OCPs of greatest interest include DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and HCH (hexachlorocyclohexane) (Walker et al 1999;Yang et al, 2005;Hu et al, 2009;Lin et al, 2009;Singh and Lal 2009). DDT and HCH (see Fig.…”

“…In addition to their potential ionising effects, radionuclides may be toxic and can undergo bioconcentration and bioaccumulation (Hassona et al, 2008;Sirelkhatim et al, 2008) and…”