Assessment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Hemodialysis Patients  By the Mini Mental Test and the Clock Drawing Test

Yıldız, Demet; Seferoğlu, Meral; Güneş, Aygül; Büyükkoyuncu, Nilüfer; Yıldız, Abdülmecit; Kiliç, Kasım; Gül, Cuma Bülent; Kahvecioğlu, Serdar; Oruç, Ayşegül; Sığırlı, Deniz

doi:10.5262/tndt.2018.3201

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…An additional important observation in this study is the presence of participants with low performance scores on the CDT who were not previously recognized to have any cognitive limitations. This finding is similar to previous studies that describe unexpected cognitive impairment in ESRD patients using various neuropsychological tests, including the CDT [ 24 , 26 ], in patients not previously known to have dementia or cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparison of Performance on the Clock Drawing Test Using Three Different Scales in Dialysis Patients

Muayqil

Tarakji

Khattab

et al. 2020

Behavioural Neurology

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Background. The clock drawing test (CDT) is frequently used to detect changes in cognition. Multiple scales of varying length have been published to assess performance. The aim of this study is to compare the CDT performance measured by three scales among a sample of nondemented patients on renal dialysis and identify the variables that affect performance. Methodology. This is a cross-sectional study performed at the dialysis unit at King Saud University Medical City. Eighty-nine dialysis patients performed the CDT. The CDT was scored by the methods of Rouleau et al. (RCS 10-point), Babins et al. (BCS 18-point), and the MoCA (MCS 3-point). Regression models were used to determine influencing demographic and dialysis variables. Scores were then correlated, and a combined factor analysis of scale components was done. Results. Females represented 44.6%, the mean (SD) age was 49.99 (15.49) years, and education duration was 10.29 (5.5) years. Dialysis vintage was 55.81 (62.91) months. The scores for the MCS, RCS, and BCS were 2.18 (1.08), 6.67 (3.07), and 11.8 (5.5), respectively, with significant correlation (P<0.0001). In all scales, increasing age was associated with a lower score (each P<0.0001). The scores increased with increasing education (each P<0.0001). Diabetics had a lower score on both the BCS and MCS by 2.56 (SE 1.2) (P=0.035) and 0.71 (P=0.003) points, respectively. However, only age and years of education were significant in the multivariable analysis. In factor analysis, two shared factors appeared between the three scales: hand and number placement and the clock face. Conclusion. Age and education influence the performance on the CDT, and factors diverged into executive and visuospatial components. The MCS is likely to yield useful information but should be interpreted as part of the MoCA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparison of Performance on the Clock Drawing Test Using Three Different Scales in Dialysis Patients

Muayqil

Tarakji

Khattab

et al. 2020

Behavioural Neurology

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“…The etiology of cognitive impairment in this patient population has not been fully elucidated and is considered multifactorial. However, concomitant diabetes, hypertension (HT), dyslipidemia, and uremic toxins are also thought to affect cognitive impairment [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Serum Selenium Level, Cognitive Functions, and Depression in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Tutan¹,

Eser²,

Doğan³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Impairment of cognitive functions can commonly develop in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and increase morbidity and mortality. The antioxidant activity of selenium reduces cognitive decline by protecting neurons from free radical damage. We aimed to explore the associations between serum selenium levels, cognitive impairment, and depression in CKD patients in this research. MethodsIn this prospective cross-sectional research, 100 participants between the ages of 20 and 65 were included, and four groups of 25 patients each were formed (control group, stage 3-4 CKD, peritoneal dialysis [PD], hemodialysis [HD]). The Standardized Mini Mental Test (sMMT) was used to measure cognitive skills, and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was utilized to diagnose depression. Simultaneously, measurements of serum selenium levels were done from collected blood samples. ResultsCognitive impairment was detected in 4% of the control group, 16% of CKD patients (n=75), and 30% of the dialysis patients (n=50). Depression was found in 16% of the control group, 40% of the stage 3-4 CKD group, 50% of the PD group, and 44% of the HD group. In the control group, sMMT scores were higher than the other groups (p<0.001 for all), while the BDI score was statistically significantly lower (p=0.003). Serum selenium levels were found to be higher than HD and PD groups in patients with non-dialysis CKD and control groups in the post hoc analyses (p=0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). ConclusionDepression and cognitive impairment are particularly prevalent in CKD and dialysis patients. Our results indicate serum selenium insufficiency may be related to depression and cognitive impairment in this patient group. Nonetheless, these findings need to be confirmed by larger-scale studies.

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Assessment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Hemodialysis Patients By the Mini Mental Test and the Clock Drawing Test

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Performance on the Clock Drawing Test Using Three Different Scales in Dialysis Patients

Comparison of Performance on the Clock Drawing Test Using Three Different Scales in Dialysis Patients

The Relationship Between Serum Selenium Level, Cognitive Functions, and Depression in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

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