Assessment of cerebral blood flow in neonates and infants: A phase-contrast MRI study

Liu, Peiying; Lin, Zixuan; Guo, Qiyong; Wang, Xiaoming; Lu, Hanzhang

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.03.020

Cited by 18 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Our data demonstrated an 18% overestimation of neonatal blood flow in PC MRI scans acquired at 0.4 and 0.5 mm resolutions compared with that acquired at 0.3 mm resolution. Several previous studies have reported CBF measurements in neonates using PC MRI with low imaging resolutions, such as 1 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.5 mm . Therefore, our results suggest that interpreting literature values of CBF acquired with low PC resolutions should be done with an abundance of caution regarding overestimation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The velocity map is computed from the phase difference between two scans with opposite signs of bipolar gradients. The simplicity and accuracy in absolute CBF quantification as well as the relatively short scan duration have made PC MRI a practical CBF technique in neonatal applications …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For both gated and non‐gated scans, the following parameters were used: single slice, T R / T E = 23/7.38 ms, flip angle = 15°, voxel size = 0.5 × 0.5 × 3.2 mm 3 , field of view =90 × 90 × 3.2 mm 3 , encoding velocity ( V ENC ) = 30 cm/s. Here the V ENC of 30 cm/s was selected to improve SNR at voxels near the edge of the arteries, which have slow flow velocity, based on a previous study that optimized V ENC for newborns . Since a small V ENC may cause phase wrapping in the voxels with flow velocity higher than V ENC , velocity aliasing correction was performed before further analysis when needed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ECG signal was used for cardiac gating. The imaging slice of the PC scans was oriented perpendicular to an internal carotid artery (ICA) in each subject at the level of the foramen magnum, following previous literature …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data processing of PC MRI followed previously reported methods . First, velocity aliasing correction was performed when phase wrapping was observed in the targeted artery (usually in the center of the artery) on the velocity map .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of MRI techniques to assess neonatal brain oxygenation and blood flow

et al. 2019

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There is increasing interest in applying physiological MRI in neonates, based on the premise that physiological parameters may provide an early biomarker of neonatal brain health and injury. Two commonly used techniques are oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) measurement using T2‐relaxation‐under‐spin‐tagging (TRUST) MRI and cerebral blood flow measurement using phase‐contrast (PC) quantitative flow MRI, which collectively provide an assessment of the brain's oxygen consumption. However, prior research has only demonstrated proof of principle of these methods in neonates, without characterization or benchmarking of the techniques. This is because available time is limited in neonatal subjects, especially when scans are performed as add‐ons to clinical scans (typically less than 5 min). The work presented aims to examine the TRUST and PC MRI sequences systematically in normal neonates, through research‐dedicated scan sessions. A series of characterization and optimization studies were conducted in a total of 26 radiographically normal neonates on 3 T systems. Our results show that TRUST MRI at the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) provides an OEF measurement equivalent to that at the internal jugular vein (r = 0.80, n = 10), yet with shorter scan time. Lower resolution provided better precision in the TRUST measurement (p = 0.001, n = 9). Therefore, the preferred OEF measurement is to apply TRUST MRI at the SSS using a spatial resolution of 2.5 mm. For PC MRI, our results showed that non‐gated PC MRI yielded blood flow measurements comparable to those from the more time‐consuming gated approach in neonates (r = 0.89, n = 7). It was also found that blood flow could be overestimated by 18% when imaging resolution is larger than 0.3 mm (n = 7). Therefore, non‐gated PC MRI with a spatial resolution of 0.3 mm is recommended for neonatal applications. In conclusion, this study verifies consistency of neonatal brain oxygenation and flow measurements across acquisition schemes and points to optimal strategies in parameter selection when using these sequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of MRI techniques to assess neonatal brain oxygenation and blood flow

et al. 2019

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MRI of the Neonatal Brain: A Review of Methodological Challenges and Neuroscientific Advances

Dubois

Alison

Counsell

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

110

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In recent years, exploration of the developing brain has become a major focus for researchers and clinicians in an attempt to understand what allows children to acquire amazing and unique abilities, as well as the impact of early disruptions (eg, prematurity, neonatal insults) that can lead to a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders. Noninvasive neuroimaging methods such as MRI are essential to establish links between the brain and behavioral changes in newborns and infants. In this review article, we aim to highlight recent and representative studies using the various techniques available: anatomical MRI, quantitative MRI (relaxometry, diffusion MRI), multiparametric approaches, and functional MRI. Today, protocols use 1.5 or 3T MRI scanners, and specialized methodologies have been put in place for data acquisition and processing to address the methodological challenges specific to this population, such as sensitivity to motion. MR sequences must be adapted to the brains of newborns and infants to obtain relevant good soft‐tissue contrast, given the small size of the cerebral structures and the incomplete maturation of tissues. The use of age‐specific image postprocessing tools is also essential, as signal and contrast differ from the adult brain. Appropriate methodologies then make it possible to explore multiple neurodevelopmental mechanisms in a precise way, and assess changes with age or differences between groups of subjects, particularly through large‐scale projects. Although MRI measurements only indirectly reflect the complex series of dynamic processes observed throughout development at the molecular and cellular levels, this technique can provide information on brain morphology, structural connectivity, microstructural properties of gray and white matter, and on the functional architecture. Finally, MRI measures related to clinical, behavioral, and electrophysiological markers have a key role to play from a diagnostic and prognostic perspective in the implementation of early interventions to avoid long‐term disabilities in children. Evidence Level 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 1

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Measuring Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow in Healthy Children: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Techniques

Zhao

Tong

Armindo

et al. 2023

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is an important hemodynamic parameter to evaluate brain health. It can be obtained quantitatively using medical imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography (PET). Although CBF in adults has been widely studied and linked with cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, CBF data in healthy children are sparse due to the challenges in pediatric neuroimaging. An understanding of the factors affecting pediatric CBF and its normal range is crucial to determine the optimal CBF measuring techniques in pediatric neuroradiology. This review focuses on pediatric CBF studies using neuroimaging techniques in 32 articles including 2668 normal subjects ranging from birth to 18 years old. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus and reported following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA). We identified factors (such as age, gender, mood, sedation, and fitness) that have significant effects on pediatric CBF quantification. We also investigated factors influencing the CBF measurements in infants. Based on this review, we recommend best practices to improve CBF measurements in pediatric neuroimaging.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 2

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Assessment of cerebral blood flow in neonates and infants: A phase-contrast MRI study

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Characterization of MRI techniques to assess neonatal brain oxygenation and blood flow

Characterization of MRI techniques to assess neonatal brain oxygenation and blood flow

MRI of the Neonatal Brain: A Review of Methodological Challenges and Neuroscientific Advances

Measuring Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow in Healthy Children: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Techniques

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