Assessment of Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Left Ventricular Mass Index in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Ahmed, Heba Mostafa; Ameen, Emad El-Deen; Awad, Mohammad Shafiq; Botrous, Osama

doi:10.2147/vhrm.s295868

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There was no statistically significant difference between mean cIMT in children wth NS as compared to the controls. However, Rahul et al and Ahmed et al reported significantly higher mean cIMT in children with NS compared to the controls [ 19 , 22 ]. In our study, there was no significant correlation found between cIMT and duration of disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Endothelial Dysfunction in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

Das,

Satapathy,

John

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) have a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity. Studies on the evaluation of arterial stiffness and endothelial function and its predictive risk factors in these children are limited. Objective The primary objective of the study was to determine arterial stiffness by measuring carotid intimal medial thickness, flow-mediated dilatation, and physiological parameters in children with nephrotic syndrome to predict the risk of premature atherosclerosis as compared to controls. Participants A total number of 33 children with NS in the age group of 2-14 years in remission and 39 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Out of 33 children with nephrotic syndrome, five were infrequently relapsing NS, eight were frequently relapsing, 16 were steroid dependent, and four were steroid-resistant NS. Intervention Relevant history, physical examination, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory investigations were done. Carotid intimal medial thickness (cIMT), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and other physiological parameters were measured in both children with NS and control groups. Outcome Carotid intimal medial thickness (cIMT), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and other physiological parameters were compared between children with NS and healthy controls for detecting arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction. Results Dyslipidaemia was seen in more than 50% of children during remission. There was neither significant difference in mean cIMT in the common carotid artery nor FMD between the control and study groups. There was a trend of lower Reactive Hyperemia Index (RHI) in children with NS. Conclusion Dyslipidemia persists even during the remission phase in NS. No statistically significant difference is observed in cIMT and percentage proportionate change in FMD in both the study and control groups. Nevertheless, RHI is notably lower in children with NS. These findings need further validation in future studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is only one study that has used PWV and augmentation index to document arterial stiffness in children with NS, as per our knowledge. Alves et al did not find any significant difference in PWV in children with NS as compared to controls (4.53 ± 0.33 m/s vs 4.52 ± 0.28 m/s, p= 0.919) [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial Dysfunction in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

Das,

Satapathy,

John

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease that occurs in the intima of large and medium-sized arteries (Ahmed, Ameen et al, 2021); it is characterized by the buildup and fusion of scattered plaques in the arterial intima. Dyslipidemia is the main risk factor for atherosclerosis (Ma, Leng et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Danlou Tablets Inhibit Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice by Inducing Macrophage Autophagy: The Role of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR Pathway

Liu

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a type of chronic vascular disease, and its etiology is not yet fully understood. AS is characterized by lipid deposition, atherosclerotic plaque formation, vascular stenosis or even complete blockage of the blood vessel wall. Clinical studies have shown that Danlou tablets (DLTs) can improve the heart function, quality of life, and prognosis of patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction. However, its mechanism of action remains unknown. Our study revealed that DLTs ameliorated ApoE−/−AS mouse aortic atherosclerotic plaques [hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and small animal ultrasound] and reduced CD68+ macrophage infiltration, the expression of the inflammatory factor interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), vascular smooth muscle α-actin, and serum lipid levels. In vitro, in the macrophage foaming model, DLTs partially restored the activity of RAW264.7 cells, reduced the uptake of lipid droplets, and inhibited lipid droplet accumulation and apoptosis within BMDMs. We also found that Torin1, an autophagy agonist, reduced intracellular lipid deposition in BMDMs, as did DLTs. Moreover, DLTs upregulated the expression of the autophagy-related protein LC3II and decreased p62 accumulation in RAW264.7 cells. DLTs also inhibited the phosphorylation of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR, leading to upregulated autophagy in RAW264.7 cells. In summary, our results suggested that DLTs can promote autophagy in macrophages by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby reducing foam cell formation and improving atherosclerosis.

show abstract

“…At present, there is no consensus on the correlation between dyslipidemia and left ventricular mass (LVM). Research in the child population has shown total triglycerides (TG) and hypertriglyceridemia are associated with left ventricular mass (LVM) 11 . Adult studies have reported a direct correlation between total cholesterol (TC) and LVM, but only in men 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research in the child population has shown total triglycerides (TG) and hypertriglyceridemia are associated with left ventricular mass (LVM). 11 Adult studies have reported a direct correlation between total cholesterol (TC) and LVM, but only in men. 12 However, some studies have demonstrated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is negatively correlated with LVM in patients with untreated hypertension, but TC or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is not correlated with LVM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined superposition effect of hypertension and dyslipidemia on left ventricular hypertrophy

Zhang

Shi

et al. 2022

Anim Models and Exp Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Hypertension and dyslipidemia are considered reversible risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of traditional and nontraditional blood lipid profiles on the risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and to explore the superposition effect of dyslipidemia combined with hypertension. Methods Data on 9134 participants (53.5 ± 10.3 years old) from the Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health Study (NCRCHS) were statistically analyzed. The blood lipid profile was measured by total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), total glyceride (TG), and calculated nontraditional blood lipid indices including non‐HDL‐C, atherosclerosis index (AI), TC/HDL‐C, and residual cholesterol (RC). Results After the adjustment of age and gender, the odds ratios (ORs) of LVH in patients with hypertension, high LDL‐C, high non‐HDL‐C, high AI, and high TC/HDL‐C were 3.97 (3.31–4.76), 1.27 (1.02–1.59), 1.21 (1.04–1.39), 1.33 (1.15–1.53), and 1.42 (1.22–1.65), respectively. After full adjustment of potential confounding factors, high AI and TC/HDL‐C were associated with LVH rather than traditional blood lipid indices. The combination of hypertension and nontraditional dyslipidemia (defined by high AI and TC/HDL‐C) was associated with the highest risk of LVH, especially in participants under 45 years of age. The risk was more significant in men, 5.09‐fold and 6.24‐fold, respectively, compared with 3.66‐fold and 4.01‐fold in women. Conclusions People with dyslipidemia defined by nontraditional blood lipid indices (high AI and high TC/HDL‐C) and hypertension were more likely to develop LVH.

show abstract

Assessment of Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Left Ventricular Mass Index in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Endothelial Dysfunction in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

Endothelial Dysfunction in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

Danlou Tablets Inhibit Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice by Inducing Macrophage Autophagy: The Role of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR Pathway

Combined superposition effect of hypertension and dyslipidemia on left ventricular hypertrophy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About